TO THE EDITOR—We read with interest the article by Abbas et al, in which they model the potential impact of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and drug resistance in South Africa [1]. They predict that rolling out Truvadabased PrEP will increase the transmission and prevalence of resistance. Notably, their results conflict with those from 2 previou...

occupational exposure to blood and body fluids is an important hazard for health care workers, which places them at a high risk for blood-borne infections including hepatitis b virus, hepatitis c virus and human immunodeficiency virus and results in psychological and emotional stresses. several preventive measures have been proposed including pre-exposure ( e.g. , education, use of standard pre...

We agree with Angela Kashuba and colleagues (June 30, p 2409) that it is essential to develop new methods for measuring adherence to preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention in clinical trials. However, another important issue also needs to be addressed. Specifi cally, how can adherence data from clinical trials be interpreted and used to predict the success of PrEP in reducing transmi...

Tolerability of the combination of zidovudine, lamivudine, and nelfinavir used as postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV infection was prospectively evaluated among 185 patients at 11 hospitals in eastern France. After exclusion of the 106 persons who discontinued PEP either because the source patient subsequently tested HIV seronegative or because the injury was reassessed as resulting in a lo...

On March 13-14, 2006, a meeting on anthrax, sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in collaboration with the Southeastern Center for Emerging Biologic Threats, was held at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, USA. The meeting's agenda included discussion of postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), screening and evaluation, and treatment of the various manifestations of human ...

We would like to raise a concern regarding the mathematica l modelling study by Brooke Nichols and colleagues, which looked at the cost-effectiveness of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV-1 prevention in the Netherlands. Specifically, we have found that we are unable to replicate their results using the methodology described in their paper. In their modelling study the authors divided the p...

Preexposure prophylaxis is a highly protective HIV prevention strategy, yet nonadherence can significantly reduce its effectiveness. We conducted a mixed methods evaluation of a mobile health intervention (iText) that utilized weekly bidirectional text or e-mail support messages to encourage preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence among participants in the multi-site iPrEx open-label extension...

Referrals for and initiation of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection increased dramatically in a large clinical practice setting since 2012. Despite high rates of sexually transmitted infections among PrEP users and reported decreases in condom use in a subset, there were no new HIV infections in this population.

Although the tremendous effort has been paid by scientists for creating HIV vaccine over the past three decades since the discovery of HIV-1, the HIV vaccine development still has a long way to go. Only one HIV vaccine, RV144, has been proved to be moderately effective by the clinical trials, but there has been much debate about its usefulness. The difficulties of HIV vaccine development includ...

OBJECTIVES As trials were assessing the safety and efficacy of daily oral antiretroviral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for the prevention of HIV infection, there was a clear need to understand the evolution of knowledge of, and attitudes toward, PrEP among primary care clinicians. METHODS Physicians and nurse practitioners were surveyed in 2009 (n = 1500), 2010 (n = 1504), 2012 (n = 1503), 2...