This paper documents changes in the rates and characteristics of undercover police investigations against child sexual exploiters on the Internet. Telephone interviews were conducted with law enforcement officials about a nationally representative sample of cases ending in arrest for an Internet-related sex crime against a minor in 2000 and 2006. The survey found a 280% increase in arrests of o...

A study was performed to investigate a domain for a mobile and social service, where a web of social trails is overlaid over a physical space. Using a method inspired by work of the city planner Kevin Lynch, 20 subjects were interviewed about their experiences, activities, movements and habits related to a specific shopping mall. Design implications for the service were drawn from subjects’ ske...

Programmers have traditionally been passive users of compilers, rather than active exploiters of their transformational abilities. This paper presents MAGIK, a system that allows programmers to easily and modularly incorporate applicationspecific extensions into the compilation process. The MAGIK system gives programmers two significant capabilities. First, it provides mechanisms that implement...

Social organisms rank among the most abundant and ecologically dominant species on Earth, in part due to exclusive recognition systems that allow cooperators to be distinguished from exploiters. Exploiters, such as social parasites, manipulate their hosts' recognition systems, whereas cooperators are expected to minimize interference with their partner's recognition abilities. Despite our wealt...

Rangelands are known as one of the main income resources for their exploiters.In the recent century, management of Iran rangeland has undergone vast transformationsbecause of vulnerable socio-economic conditions of pastoralists. A study was done toprovide a clear picture of the status and utilization of Aq Qala rangelands via assessinginternal and external environmental factors affecting the ut...

The rapid development of communication and information technology has made electronic voting technologically and economically feasible. In this study, we will examine the differential impact of four electronic voting system (EVS) characteristics (privacy, accessibility, mobility, and accuracy) on voter participation intention (i.e., EVS voting) and on preferred EVS mechanism (telephone, Web-bas...

Measuring clinicians' shared decision-making (SDM) performance is a key requirement given the intensity of policy interest in many developed countries - yet it remains one of the most difficult methodological challenges, which is a concern for many stakeholders. In this Viewpoint Article, we investigate the development of existing patient-reported measures (PRMs) of SDM identified in a recent r...

Although the importance of patient participation is acknowledged in today's healthcare, many challenges remain before patient participation can become an integral part of care provision. The ward round has traditionally been the forum for crucial decisions about patient care, but often with limited possibilities for patient participation. As part of the process of improving patient participatio...

Many countries are considering adopting political quotas for under-represented and disadvantaged minorities, but critics of the policy claim that it undermines political competition. Using evidence from India, I examine the impact of mandated political representation for disadvantaged minorities. Aggregate turnout falls by 9% of the baseline, but I find no negative impact on electoral competiti...