Nitric oxide (NO) can be measured in the expired gas of humans and animals, but the source of expired NO (FENO) and the functional contribution of the various known isoforms of NO synthase (NOS) to the NO measured in the expired air is not known. FENO was measured in the expired air of mice during mechanical ventilation via a tracheal cannula. FENO was significantly higher in wild-type B6SV129J...

Titres of circulating IgG antibodies to pigeon gammaglobulin and end expired carbon monoxide concentrations were measured in 86 pigeon fanciers attending the "Show of the Year." Antibody levels were significantly higher in non-smokers and in those with end expired carbon monoxide concentrations below 10 parts per million.

BACKGROUND Expired collection tubes may be used inadvertently and resampling is not always possible. To date, studies have not been conducted in veterinary medicine to determine whether or not biochemical measurements obtained from specimens collected into expired tubes are accurate enough for clinical decision-making. OBJECTIVES The aims of this preliminary study were to assess the impact of...

STUDY OBJECTIVE Bag-valve-mask ventilation remains an essential component of airway management. Rescuers continue to use both traditional 1- or 2-handed mask-face sealing techniques, as well as a newer modified 2-handed technique. We compare the efficacy of 1-handed, 2-handed, and modified 2-handed bag-valve-mask technique. METHODS In this prospective, crossover study, health care providers p...

TO THE EDITOR: Many thanks to Dr. Joseph (1) for requesting clarification of methods used to measure metabolic rate of the rodent in our recent study (3). Measurements of V̇O2 and V̇CO2 in the rat do indeed require a great deal of precision, given that the differences between inspired and expired fractions of O2 and CO2 are very small. Dr. Joseph’s letter highlights some very important potential ...

1. The relationship between volumes expired and the maximum intrathoracic pressures developed within the first second of expiration was examined in a group of healthy subjects and patients with airways obstruction who exhaled with varying degrees of effort. 2. The body plethysmographic method was used to ensure that expirations started from total lung capacity. 3. Three different types of volum...

BACKGROUND Non-combustible potential reduced exposure products (PREPs; eg, Star Scientific's Ariva; a variety of other smokeless tobacco products) are marketed to reduce the harm associated with smoking. This marketing occurs despite an absence of objective data concerning the toxicant exposure and effects of these PREPs. Methods used to examine combustible PREPs were adapted to assess the acut...