BACKGROUND In children with mild-to-moderate persistent asthma, identification of phenotypic predictors to guide selection of a controller regimen is essential. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify phenotypic characteristics having predictive value for the difference in treatment responses between twice-daily fluticasone and once-daily montelukast. METHODS Data from the Pediatric Asthma Controll...

In probabilistic decision tasks, an expected value (EV) of a choice is calculated, and after the choice has been made, this can be updated based on a temporal difference (TD) prediction error between the EV and the reward magnitude (RM) obtained. The EV is measured as the probability of obtaining a reward x RM. To understand the contribution of different brain areas to these decision-making pro...

Machine learning has been increasingly applied to neuroimaging data compute personalized estimates of the biological age an individual’s brain (brain age). The difference between brain-predicted and their chronological (brainPAD) is used as a biomarker aging disease, but potential contribution different machine algorithms for prediction association brainPAD cognitive function not investigated y...

The path-difference metric is one of the oldest and most popular distances for the comparison of phylogenetictrees, but its statistical properties are still quite unknown. In this paper we compute the expected valueunder the Yule model of evolution of its square on the space of fully resolved rooted phylogenetic trees withn leaves. This complements previous work by Steel–Penny a...

The potential for hantaviral transmission among wild Norway rats by wounding associated with aggressive interactions was evaluated using a prospective sero-epidemiological study coupled with a mark-release-recapture survey. There was a significant association between an animal's serological status and the presence of wounds. Longitudinal studies of marked and released animals showed seroconvers...

This paper considers the social costs implied by inefficient allocation of contracts in a first price, sealed bid procurement auction with asymmetric bidders. We adopt a constrained (piecewise linear) strategy equilibrium concept and estimate the structural parameters of the bidders’ distribution of costs. We estimate social costs defined as the predicted cost difference between the winning fir...

Several models of choice compute the probability of selecting a given option by comparing the expected value (EV) of each option. However, a subtle but important difference between two common rules used to compute the action probability is often ignored. Specifically, one common rule type, the exponential rule, compares EVs via a difference operation, whereas another rule type, the power rule, ...

The observed genetic gain (DeltaP) from selection in a finite population is the possible expected genetic gain E(Delta G) minus the difference in inbreeding depression effects in the selected and control lines. The inbreeding depression can be avoided by crossing the control and selected male symbol and female symbol parents to unrelated mates and summing the observed gains. The possible expect...

This report is a sequel to an earlier report [Fuller, 19711 that develops a minimal-total-processing-time (MTPT) drum scheduling algorithm. A quantative comparison between MTPT schedules and shortest-latency-timefirst (SLTF) schedules, commonly acknowledged as good schedules for drumlike storage units, is presented here. The analysis develops an analogy to random walks and proves several asympt...

This paper has researched the issue of corporate control transfer failed in china capital market, which is completely different from existing studies in corporate control transfer field. The conclusion has shown that corporate control transfer very likely fails when there is a great difference between two sides of deals. And the equity nature is another affection factor. The corporate control t...