Marketing researchers are frequently confronted with a variety of competing models of the relationship between two variables, with each supported by its own theory and empirical findings. For example, in the area of customer satisfaction, a rich literature with strong behavioral underpinnings supported by extensive empirical studies has resulted in a series of models for the relationship betwee...

Vroom’s expectancy theory provides a process of cognitive variables that reflects individual differences in work motivation. In this model, employees are rational people whose beliefs, perceptions, and probability estimates influence their behaviors. From a management perspective, the expectancy theory has some important implications for motivating employees in healthcare setting. It identifies...

A number of studies have attempted to account for cross-national differences in life expectancy, but relatively few have focused on female life expectancy, and even fewer on the relevance of predictors linked to gender stratification theory. The present study seeks to assess the utility of gender stratification theory in accounting for cross-national differences in female life expectancy in les...

-A number of studies have attempted to account for cross-national differences in life expectancy, but relatively few have focused on female life expectancy, and even fewer on the relevance of predictors linked to gender stratification theory. The present study seeks to assess the utility of gender stratification theory in accounting for cross-national differences in female life expectancy in le...

The evolution of Internet offers new tools allowing ordinary people to become content creators. One of the latest popular tools is the Internet-based blog. Few previous studies explored and examined user motivations of blogging. In this study, expectancy theory is applied to construct a conceptual framework as well as a measurable model on bloggers’ motivation to blogging. Expert interviews and...

There has been a national movement to transition college science courses from passive lectures to active learning environments. Active learning has been shown to be a more effective way for students to learn, yet there is concern that some students are resistant to active learning approaches. Although there is much discussion about student resistance to active learning, few studies have explore...

In the field of marketing, Importance-Performance Analysis is a useful technique for evaluating the elements of a marketing program. The importance dimension of this technique is often determined in a regression based approach. However, this approach has certain problems and limitations. A new approach, based on uninorms, is suggested. This article shows that the uninorm approach possesses seve...

Job attitude and behavior data were collected over the period of a year fo,' 69 managers in a retail sales organization. Expectancy attitudes were found to be significantly related to some measures of effort and performance. However, weighting expectancy attitudes by valence measures did not increase the ability of expectancy attitudes to predict behavior. Crosslagged correlational analyses wer...

Abstract This study explores the mediating role of e-satisfaction during pandemic on relationship between e-service quality and e-loyalty banking customers in Pakistan. The data were collected from 442 online services Pakistan Covid-19 pandemic, following a survey-based study. Baron Kenny (J Personal Soc Psychol, 51(6):1173, 1986) Preacher Hayes (Behav Res Methods, 40(3):879-891, 2008) mediatio...

Early IS research on satisfaction investigated system characteristics affecting end-user satisfaction, relying mostly on the IS success model. More recent research, on the other hand, studied satisfaction formation in the context of web-based products and services, using the disconfirmation theory. The IS context, however, is different from the marketing context where the theory was originally ...