In recent literature there have been a number of promising approaches proposed for estimating query language models Lavrenko & Croft estimate the query language model in terms of a Relevance Model [6]. The query Q is considered to be a random sample from the unknown relevance model R. R can be envisaged as a unknown process from which words can be sampled, so if query terms m q q , , 1 K have b...

Incompressible, axisymmetric laminar flow downstream of a porous expansion is simulated. Effect of the Darcy number and inertia coefficient on flow and heat transfer characteristics downstream of the expansion is investigated. The simulation revealed circulation downstream of the expansion. Decreasing the Darcy number is shown to decrease the circulation region. The Nusselt number, friction coe...

A sudden decrease in water depth, called a negative surge or expansion wave, is characterised by a gentle change in free-surface elevation. Some geophysical applications include the ebb tide flow in macro-tidal estuaries, the rundown of swash waters and the retreating waters after maximum tsunami runup in a river channel. The upstream propagation of expansion waves against an initially steady f...

Techniques have been proposed to find the semantic differences between two binary programs when the source code is not available. Analyzing control flow, and in particular, intra-procedural control flow, has become an attractive technique in the latest binary diffing tools since it is more resistant to syntactic, but non-semantic, differences. However, this makes such techniques vulnerable to s...

The plasma flow in the vicinity of the heliopause stagnation point in the presence of the H atom flow is studied. The plasma at both sides of the heliopause is considered to be a single fluid. The back reaction of the plasma flow on the H atom flow is neglected, and the density, temperature and velocity of the H atom flow are taken to be constant. The solution describing the plasma flow is obta...

The effect of pore morphology on fluid flow through track-etched polycarbonate membrane was studied numerically by using the fluid flow software FLUENT. The model of membrane structure is a 3D bi-periodic porous surface with circular holes of finite thickness. Both of the effects of constriction and expansion of inner pore geometries on fluid flow are taken into consideration in numerical calcu...

We report a contraction-expansion array (CEA) microchannel that allows three-dimensional hydrodynamic focusing with a single sheath flow in a single-layer device. The CEA microchannel exploits centrifugal forces acting on fluids travelling along the contraction and expansion regions of the microchannel. Around an entrance of the contraction region, the centrifugal forces induce a secondary flow...

The focus of a radial optic flow is a valid visual cue used to perceive and control the heading direction of animals. Gaze patterns in response to the focus of radial optic flow were measured in human infants (N = 100, 4-18 months) and in adults (N = 20) using an eye-tracking technique. Overall, although the adults showed an advantage in detecting the focus of an expansion flow (representing fo...

The magnetic field dipolarization in the vicinity of substorm onset and during substorm expansion phase during the period of 06:00–06:40 UT on 15 February 2008 is investigated with observations from multiple probes of THEMIS. It is found that the magnetic dipolarization at the substorm onset (the onset time was about 06:14 UT) was not accompanied by obvious magnetic disturbance and ion bulk spe...

Our previous study (27) showed that the cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex (CSAR) was enhanced in dogs with congestive heart failure. The aim of this study was to test whether blood volume expansion, which is one characteristic of congestive heart failure, potentiates the CSAR in normal dogs. Ten dogs were studied with sino-aortic denervation and bilateral cervical vagotomy. Arterial pressure,...