Background & Aims:The aim of the present study was to use a psychological model to explain the effect of trait anxiety and induced anxiety on individual’s performance in updating function of working memory. This study was also designed to test attentional control theory of Eysenck et al. Methods: Throngh Multistage Cluster sampling method, 330 freshman un...

In this paper it is proposed that the prefrontal lobe participates in two closely related but different executive function abilities: (1) "metacognitive executive functions": problem solving, planning, concept formation, strategy development and implementation, controlling attention, working memory, and the like; that is, executive functions as they are usually understood in contemporary neuros...

To be successful takes creativity, flexibility, self-control, and discipline. Central to all those are executive functions, including mentally playing with ideas, giving a considered rather than an impulsive response, and staying focused. Diverse activities have been shown to improve children's executive functions: computerized training, noncomputerized games, aerobics, martial arts, yoga, mind...

It is commonly argued that complex behaviour is regulated by a number of "executive functions", which work to coordinate the operation of disparate cognitive systems in the service of an overall goal. However, the identity, roles, and interactions of specific putative executive functions remain contentious, even within widely accepted tests of executive function. The authors present two experim...

introduction: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic, autoimmune, and inflammatory nervous system disease. it leads to the loss of myelin in the white matter of brain, spinal cord and optic nerves. as a chronic disease with sudden and unpredictable side effects and complications of the disease will lead to disability and dependency in life. causes neurologic symptoms and sig. the purpose of the p...

OBJECTIVES To provide an update on recent research concerning obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and executive functions. METHODS A systematic review was carried out on reports drawn from MEDLINE and PSYCHLIT (January 1990-December 2005) and identified from lists of references in these reports. The selection criteria were met by 40 articles. RESULTS The sample sizes in the reviewed stu...

Recent psychological and neuropsychological research suggests that executive functions--the cognitive control processes that regulate thought and action--are multifaceted and that different types of executive functions are correlated but separable. The present multivariate twin study of 3 executive functions (inhibiting dominant responses, updating working memory representations, and shifting b...

Johansson, M. 2015. Attention and Self-regulation in Infancy and Toddlerhood. The Early Development of Executive Functions and Effortful Control. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Social Sciences 117. 71 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-554-9355-4. Executive functions are higher-order cognitive functions underlying self-regulati...