Laboratory and numerical experiments were conducted to investigate the evolution of soil water evaporation during a continuous drying event. Simulated soil water contents and temperatures by the calibrated model well reproduced measured values at different depths. Results show that the evaporative drying process could be divided into three stages, beginning with a relatively high evaporation ra...

The turbulent exchange of water vapor and heat were measured above Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories, Canada, using the eddy covariance method for most of the ice-free period in 1997, 1998, and 1999. In all years, evaporation tended to occur in episodic pulses, lasting 52–78 h, between which quiescent periods dominated. The contributions of these evaporation pulses to the measured total e...

Evaporation is a ubiquitous phenomenon in the natural environment and a dominant form of energy transfer in the Earth's climate. Engineered systems rarely, if ever, use evaporation as a source of energy, despite myriad examples of such adaptations in the biological world. Here, we report evaporation-driven engines that can power common tasks like locomotion and electricity generation. These eng...

The rate of evaporation of drops of dibutyl phthalate and butyl stearate of radius approx. 0*5 mm. has been studied by means of a microbalance over a range of atmospheric pressures down to approx. 0*1 mm. of mercury. Wide departures from Langm uir’s evaporation formula were found to oceur a t these low pressures, bu t results are in good acoordance with the theory of droplet evaporation advance...

Absolute measurements of the probability of quantum evaporation of atoms by rotons from the surface of superfluid 4He are still problematic. However, it is possible to obtain information about the wave-vector dependence of the evaporation process by using a refined simulation to interpret the experiments of Brown and Wyatt. Two theories (Guilleumas et al. and Sobnack et al.) are compared with t...

Numerical experiments with the global model of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) were devoted to the sensitivity of the modelled evaporation and precipitation to the vegetation Leaf Area Index (LAI). The temporally static LAI-distribution was replaced with a seasonally varying LAI, derived from Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) archives. The seasonality ...

The losses of water by evapotranspiration and evaporation from soil were investigated during two seasons from wheat and lupin crops sown at two times. Evapotranspiration was measured using ventilated chambers and microlysimeters were used within the chambers to measure evaporation from the soil surface. These techniques allowed the partitioning of evapotranspiration into its two components. In ...

There are many products, including hard drives, which require trace amounts, on the order of several milligrams, of lubricants for proper operation. The following study investigated the evaporation rates of pump oil and several alkanes, which have a wide range of applications. Both static and dynamic temperature tests were conducted. The rate of evaporation of the test specimen was determined a...

during recent years oil products has decreased because of growing population and increasing demand to oil products and decreasing of crude oil extraction at compare to export. however, to achieve suitable levels of production, the use of improved technologies should be considered. another way to prevent the evaporation and leakage from oil storage tanks and their products are using of storage t...

We present the first experimental evidence that a bird is capable of evaporating enough water from the cloaca to be important for thermoregulation. We measured rates of evaporation occurring from the mouth, the skin, and the cloaca of Inca doves Columbina inca Lesson and Eurasian quail Coturnix coturnix Linnaeus. Inca doves showed no significant increase in cutaneous evaporation in response to ...