Context Although the EU Council stated[1] that “All health systems in the EU aim to make provision, which is patient-centered and responsive to individual need”, numerous sources show important and unacceptable differences in access to orphan drugs in the Member States of the European Union (EU COM [2], EURORDIS [3,4], BE EU Presidency [5,8], EU Council [6]). With this regard, in the context of...

This guideline is the result of a consensus reached during a panel discussion at the 2nd International Consensus Meeting on Urticaria, Urticaria 2004, a joint initiative of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology Dermatology Section and the European Union (EU)-funded network of excellence, GA2LEN. It covers the definition and classification of urticaria, taking into account ...

This note examines the EU’s efforts to regulate gene therapy, considering the Union’s resolve to establish scientifically, economically, and morally sound parameters acceptable to its varied constituency. This includes discussion of legal and ethical considerations, biotechnology goals in the EU, and EU-wide uniform regulations. THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGULATORY STANDARDS FOR GENE THERAPY IN THE EU...

The United Kingdom (UK) Prime Minister Theresa May’s official request, on March 29th, to leave the European Union (EU) will change the way European countries organise their defence policies. Europeans have always managed their defence via various channels: nationally, in the EU, through NATO and in smaller formats. Brexit will change the way these formats function and how they interact. The eff...

The way through the institutions of the European Union (EU) is very difficult. The difficulties will increase with the expansion of EU to 25 member states, and even more so in the area of medical societies. Following the agenda of the EU, an efficient public health service is a responsibility of every member country. The possibilities of medical interest are pointed out in this paper

The European Union (EU) provides grants to disadvantaged regions of member states to allow them to catch up with the EU average. Under the Objective 1 scheme, NUTS2 regions with a per-capita GDP level below 75% of the EU average qualify for structural funds transfers from the central EU budget. This rule gives rise to a regression-discontinuity design that exploits the discrete jump in the prob...

Low Pay, Higher Pay and Job Satisfaction within the European Union: Empirical Evidence from Fourteen Countries We examine differences in job satisfaction between lowand higher-paid workers within the European Union (EU). To do so The European Community Household Panel Data covering the period 1994-2001 is used. Our results indicate that low paid workers report a lower level of job satisfaction ...

Ladies and gentlemen, I would like to thank the Oesterreichische Nationalbank and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development for inviting me to this conference. Vienna is certainly one of the best places in Europe to deliver a speech about the economic and monetary challenges of euro area enlargement. After all, the city serves in so many ways as a bridge between " old " and " new " E...

This Article first considers the extent to which a patentee is entitled, under the various Conventions governing jurisdiction and enforcement, to which all EU Member States are signatories, to choose the forum in which to sue for infringement. This Article then considers the factors which a patentee is likely to look for when choosing the forum in which to bring proceedings for infringement. It...

E-business processes are implemented through existing, as well as novel technologies. This book chapter focuses on the field of electronic markets (e-markets), and studies the technologies and solutions that are applied and proposed in this field. In particular, the chapter reviews e-market literature in order to identify which are the technological trends that have appeared in the e-markets fi...