Plate tectonics and mantle convection are different aspects of the same, coupled system, yet mantle convection calculations do not exhibit plate tectonic behavior unless it is imposed by the modeler. This paper explores the quest for self-consistent incorporation of plate tectonics into mantle convection models, and presents new results and parameterizations. Simulations of convection with buoy...

Abstract Since the Jurassic, there has been a clear spatiotemporal correlation between different types of metamorphism and active convergent plate margins. However, extent to which this relationship extends into past is poorly understood. We compared paleogeographic reconstructions inferred kinematics with age thermobaric ratio (temperature/pressure [T/P]) over 2 b.y. The null hypothesis—that n...

This research work introduces the Early Triassic, Late Triassic-Early Jurassic, and Early Cretaceous silica-rich sand levels at east and central Alborz, Kopeh-Dagh, and Central Iran, and compares them with the Permian silica-rich sand level in the Chirouk mine at east Iran. Ghoznavi and Gheshlaq loose sand in Alborz (Early Triassic-Early Jurassic), Soh quartzite in Central Iran (Early Triassic...

Great earthquakes rarely occur within active accretionary prisms, despite the intense long-term deformation associated with the formation of these geologic structures. This paucity of earthquakes is often attributed to partitioning of deformation across multiple structures as well as aseismic deformation within and at the base of the prism (Davis et al., 1983). We use teleseismic data and satel...

Tertiary to present deformation in the interior of the Iberian Peninsula reflects spatial and temporal variations of the activity of the plate boundaries. Local deformation patterns observed in many of the numerous intraplate Tertiary basins and their borders, such as the Madrid Basin and the Sierra de Altomira, are at first sight incompatible with the regional stress field under which they wer...