Pressure ulcers are localized areas of tissue necrosis that result from unrelieved pressure. They are graded or staged according to the degree of tissue damage observed. The main etiologic factors include pressure, shearing forces, friction, and moisture. The clinical course may be complicated by several conditions including infection, sepsis, osteomyelitis, fistulas, and carcinoma. Preventive ...

Breast cancer is an etiologically heterogeneous disease with marked geographical variations. Joint consideration of the relationship between specific molecular alterations and known or suspected epidemiologic risk factors for this disease should help distinguish subgroups of women that are at elevated risk of developing breast cancer. In this article, we present a comprehensive literature revie...

cerebellar ataxias are a heterogenous group of disorders, clinically and etiologically, that result in considerable health burden. finding out about the various etiologies, and their relative prevalences in the population suffering from cerebellar ataxia helps the clinician to perform a better management, in treatment process. this is a cross sectional study designed to estimate the relative pr...

superficial mycosis of the skin is one of the most prevalent human infections. within these infections, tinea pedis and tinea cruris have been studied. different aetiologic causes play role in these infections which the most important of them are trichophyton rubrum, trichophyton mentagrophyte and epidermophyton floccosum. prevalence arrangement of these causes are defferent in societies. this ...

There is a tremendous need for a comprehensive review of the many facets of the epidemiology of prostate cancer. For well over three decades, we have struggled to identify etiologic factors that might explain the almost 10-fold differences in the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer between various geographic and ethnic populations. These rate differences can change dramatically during po...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Gingival recession (GR), a common problem in periodontium, is associated with various etiologic factors. There is controversy over the role and importance of these factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the etiologic factors of GR in a group of subjects in Northwest Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this case-control study, patients referring to a university clinic (1...