The case presents a physician's ethical conflict, due to limited resources, between his obligations to meet the needs of a community and those of his patient. Elements of the decision-making process (and who should make the decision) are discussed, including the limitations of what ethical reasoning can offer and risks of arbitrary outcomes. Additionally, potential benefits to physicians and th...

Resilience defines the ability of a system to retain control of function and structure despite changing conditions. In human-natural systems this is related to the capabilities of social institutions. This paper presents insights into institutional and ethical dimensions of resilience, focusing on case studies in the Pacific Northwest that involve cooperative management of Pacific salmon by tri...

Efforts to increase community members' involvement in research may create novel ethical challenges. We describe an ongoing randomized trial of a peer-delivered intervention to encourage hypertension self-management. Community members serving as peer leaders participate in subject recruitment, the informed consent process, and intervention. We describe our experience with several ethical issues ...

In the United States, companies that use their own funds to test consumer products on their employees are subject to few regulations. Using previously undisclosed tobacco industry documents, we reviewed the history of that industry's efforts to create internal guidelines on the conditions to be met before employee taste testers could evaluate cigarettes made from tobacco treated with experiment...

Discontinuation of life-sustaining interventions often raises ethical concerns. In cases of severe child abuse with poor prognosis for recovery, accused parents may have a conflict of interest regarding medical decision-making for their child, because the outcome of such decisions may impact legal charges filed against them. The recently issued American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines for addr...

332 Franklin Boggs Pill Call circa 1944 " Soldiers suffering from malaria get their daily quota of atabrine tablets from the Medical Corps captain. Artist Boggs caught this scene in the South Pacific. " This image clearly captures the doctor, attired in his crisp uniform, clipboard in hand, dispensing medicine to protect and " conserve the fighting force. INTRODUCTION that would depart from mil...

We describe ethical issues arising in the allocation of civilian medical resources during armed conflict. Three features are significant in the context of allocating scarce resources in armed conflicts: the distinction between continuous and binary medical resources; the risks of armed conflict itself, and the impact of cultural differences on cases of armed conflict. We use these factors to el...

Impassioned international calls to action to protect re productive rights-for example, the Glion Call to Action (UNFPA 2004) and the Maputo Declaration (2004)-are remarkable in their ability to mobilize activism. Indeed, there is something profound, even sacred, about the con cept of health as a human right. Yet, as new cultural, tech nological, and institutional developments emerge, new challe...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to focus on the effects of the ethical climate in Chinese certified public accounting (CPA) firms on auditors’ perceptions of organizational-professional conflict (OPC) and affective organizational commitment (OC). We also test for differences in the perceived ethical climates of local and international CPA firms. Design/methodology/approach – The study is...

This article examines the methodology behind an empirical study investigating the ‘real life’ role of criminal defence lawyers and their approach to ethical conflict resolution. Using a normative conceptual framework entitled the ‘zealous advocate’ model, the study involved interviews with defence practitioners. A central feature of the interviews was a method known as the ‘vignette technique’,...