the part of precipitation that directly meets the water requirements of a plant, is termed the effective rainfall. effective rainfall estimation methods consist of: direct measurement, empirical methods, and soil-water balance modeling. due to the high costs of measurements and storing devices such as lysimeter, empirical and balance methods are most commonly used to estimate the effective rain...

A spatially autocorrelated effect exists in precipitation of a mountainous basin. This study examines the relationship between maximum annual rainfall and elevation in the Kaoping River Basin of southern Taiwan using spatial regression models (i.e. geographically weighted regression (GWR), simultaneous autoregression (SAR), and conditional autoregression (CAR)). Results show that the GWR, SAR, ...

In this paper, a soil moisture estimation model was developed to calculate the nationwide soil moisture fields using on site soil moisture observation, precipitation, surface temperature, MODIS NDVI and a data mining technique, Classification And Regression Tree (CART) algorithm and neural networks. The model was applied to the Yong-dam dam basin since the soil moisture observations of the Yong...

Estimation of missing precipitation records is one of the important tasks in hydrological study. The completeness of precipitation data leads to more accurate results from the hydrological models. This study proposes the use of modular artificial neural networks to estimate missing monthly rainfall data in the northeast region of Thailand. The simultaneous rainfall data from neighboring control...

Deficiency and inappropriate distribution of reengage station is one of challenges faced by researchers in hydrology and climate science. In this research, evaluate the applicability of four gridded precipitation data products ERA-Interim, PERSIANN-CDR, PERSIANN-CCS and CRU as a supplement or substitute for ground data in a monthly time scales. This assessment was done by comparison with observ...

The usefulness of bromcresol green for estimating albumin in urine was evaluated by comparison with the Laurell "rocket" technique. In contrast to the bromcresol green method applied for urinary albumin, rather doubtful results were obtained with conventional (Microzone) electrophoresis for albumin and with precipitation techniques for total protein estimation. Albumin estimation with bromcreso...

Abstract. As a key component in the water and energy cycle, estimates of precipitation with high resolution accuracy is great significance for hydrological, meteorological, ecological studies. However, current satellite-based products have coarse spatial (from 10 to 50 km) not meeting needs several applications (e.g., flash floods landslides). The implementation downscaling methods can be suita...