The funding for this research was provided by the Rockefeller Foundation and the EVALUATION Project. The survey used in this study could not have been completed without the cooperation and assistance of the community of international donors, NGOs, local government officials, and the Philippines Department of Health. Their cooperation and generosity with their expertise are much appreciated. We ...

Prevention and treatment of common noncommunicable chronic diseases have been revolutionized by the development of therapies. Recently, several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) designed to assess the efficacy of new therapies targeted at well-established risk factors for noncommunicable chronic diseases have reported lower benefits than expected. Subsequent observational analysis of the same...

This paper is the first of two written by Brad Efron and Ron Thisted studying the frequency distribution of words in the Shakespearean canon. The key idea due to Fisher in the context of sampling of species is simple and elegant. When applied to Shakespeare the idea appears to be preposterous: an author has a personal vocabulary of word species represented by a distribution G, and text is gener...

Systems engineering reuse is the utilization of previously developed systems engineering products or artifacts such as architectures, requirements, and test plans across different projects. Such reuse is intended as a means of reducing development cost, project schedule, or performance risk, by avoiding the repetition of some systems engineering activities. Although projects involving systems e...

Estimating a channel impulse response using a known aperiodic sequence is considered. The problem can be reduced to minimizing the trace of the inverse of a Toeplitz matrix. An efficient algorithm for computing this trace is developed and optimal binary sequences up to length 32 are found and tabulated. The use of complementary sequences in this context is also investigated. It is shown that th...

Lake Malawi boasts the highest diversity of freshwater fishes in the world. Nearshore sites are categorized according to their bottom substrate, rock or sand, and these habitats host divergent assemblages of cichlid fishes. Sexual selection driven by mate choice in cichlids led to spectacular diversification in male nuptial coloration. This suggests that the spectral radiance contrast of fish, ...

This paper provides lower bounds on the sample complexity of estimating Kronecker-structured dictionaries for Kth-order tensor data. The results suggest the sample complexity of dictionary learning for tensor data can be significantly lower than that for unstructured data.

he current centralized Network Management approach in mobile networks may lead to problems with being able to scale up when new customer services and network nodes will be deployed in the network. This consideration has prompted a research activity to find alternative application architectures that could overcome the limits of the current centralized approaches. In this paper, we describe the P...

BACKGROUND Estimating statistical power is an important component of the design of both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies. Methods for estimating statistical power in RCTs have been well described and can be implemented simply. In observational studies, statistical methods must be used to remove the effects of confounding that can occur due to non-random treatment as...