BACKGROUND/AIMS Low folate intake may increase risk of colorectal cancer by altering gene-specific methylation in the colon. We determined whether supplementation with physiological doses of folate could alter methylation in the oestrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) genes in colonic mucosa of subjects with colorectal adenoma. METHODS This was a randomised, double-blind, placeb...

The two main tasks of a meristem, self-perpetuation and organ initiation, are separated spatially. Slowly dividing cells in the meristem center act as pluripotent stem cells, and only their derivatives in the meristem periphery specify new organs. Meristem integrity and cellular proliferation are controlled in part by regulatory interactions between genes that are expressed in specific subdomai...

In this study, we evaluated genetic factors related to the mineral density during post-menopause. We evaluated 110 women in the first 5 years post-menopause, without previous hormone replacement therapy. Cytochrome P450 17 (CYP17) (rs743572), catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) (rs4680), and estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) (rs9322331) were examined for the presence of polymorphisms. Clinical data w...

Interactions of MinK and e-NOS Gene Polymorphisms Appear to Be Inconsistent Predictors of Atrial Fibrillation Propensity, but Long Alleles of ESR1 Promoter TA Repeat May Be a Promising Marker. We analyzed minK, e-NOS and ESR1 gene polymorphisms in 40 patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) without major structural heart disease compared to 35 healthy controls. A missense polymorphism in the minK...

OBJECTIVES Local estrogen production in the brain regulates critical functions including neuronal development, gonadotropin secretion and sexual behavior. In the mouse brain, a 36 kb distal promoter (l.f) regulates the Cyp19a1 gene that encodes aromatase, the key enzyme for estrogen biosynthesis. In vitro, promoter l.f interacts with estrogen receptor alpha (Esr1) to mediate Cyp19a1 mRNA expres...

Bacteria harbored in the male reproductive system may influence reproductive function and health of the male and result in developmental origins of adult health and disease (DOHaD) effects in his offspring. Such effects could be due to the seminal fluid, which is slightly basic and enriched with carbohydrates; thereby, creating an ideal habitat for microbes or a potential seminal fluid microbio...

Studies have shown that estrogen replacement therapy and estrogen plus progestin replacement therapy alter serum levels of total, LDL and HDL cholesterol levels. However, HDL cholesterol levels in women vary considerably in response to hormone replacement therapy (HRT). A significant portion of the variability of these levels has been attributed to genetic factors. Therefore, we investigated th...

Background: Estrogen is recognized as one of the significant regulator of spermatogenesis. Estrogens are synthesized in the male reproductive system (sertoli and leydig cells). Estrogen function is mediated by estrogen receptors (ER-α or ER-β). Some studies have suggested an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2234693 (ESR1 pvuII C>T), rs1801132 (ESR1 325 C->G) of ERα g...

The majority of gene expression signatures developed to predict the likelihood to relapse in breast cancer (BC) patients assigns a high risk score to patients with Estrogen Receptor (ER) negative or highly proliferating tumors. We aimed to identify a signature of differentially expressed (DE) metagenes, rather than single DE genes, associated with distant metastases beyond classical risk factor...