the present study was carried out to investigate cytotoxic activity of flower, leaf, stem and root extracts of five artemisia species against breast cancer cell line (mcf7) and human embryonic kidney normal cell line (hek293). the studied artemisia species were a. absinthium , a. vulgaris , a. incana , a. fragrans and a. spicigera . the cytotoxic activity was measured by mtt assay at different ...

The definition of "minor" veins in leaves is arbitrary and of uncertain biological significance. Generally, the term refers to the smallest vein classes in the leaf, believed to function in phloem loading. We found that a galactinol synthase promoter, cloned from melon (Cucumis melo), directs expression of the gusA gene to the smallest veins of mature Arabidopsis and cultivated tobacco (Nicotia...

Sunflower (Helictnthur annuus L. cvs Mehr Shafagh) seedlings were grown in nutrient solutions containing 20.5 to 70.4 mM NaCl and 0 as the control. The effects of salinity on developmental changes occurring in the shoot apices of plants were studied. At 20.5 mM NaCI concentration, the leaf emergence rate and plastochron index of Shafagh increased significantly, but this phenomenon was not o...

sunflower (helictnthur annuus l. cvs mehr shafagh) seedlings were grown in nutrient solutions containing 20.5 to 70.4 mm nacl and 0 as the control. the effects of salinity on developmental changes occurring in the shoot apices of plants were studied. at 20.5 mm naci concentration, the leaf emergence rate and plastochron index of shafagh increased significantly, but this phenomenon was not obser...

In plants many developmental processes are regulated by auxin and its directional transport. PINOID (PID) kinase helps to regulate this transport by influencing polar recruitment of PIN efflux proteins on the cellular membranes. We investigated how altered auxin levels affect leaf growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. Arabidopsis mutants and transgenic plants with altered PID expression levels were u...

Neolitsea species, medicinal plants belonging to Lauraceae, contain rich alkaloids, steroids, sesquiterpenoids, and triterpenoids which possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory bioactivities. However, species differences in the immunomodulatory effects and evidence pertaining to the effects of Neolitsea species on adaptive immunity are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the i...

Rice spotted leaf 6 (spl6) mutant produces lesions caused by spontaneous cell death in the absence of pathogenic infection. Expression of this genetic trait was developmentally programmed. After the tillering stage, small red and brown lesions were initiated in groups on the leaf blade. Eventually, the lesions formed parallel lines along the midrib of the leaf. Under light and transmission elec...