This paper proposes a new approach to the measurement of inequality and inequity in the delivery of health care based on contributions from the literature on poverty and deprivation. This approach has some appealing characteristics: (1) inequity is additively decomposable by population subgroups; (2) the approach does not rely on socio-economic ranks; (3) it provides a graphical representation ...

freshwater lens on small islands may easily be overexploited or polluted due to overdrafts of fresh water by pumping which causes drawdown of the water table a rise or up-coning of the saltwater interface. present study is concerned with using a three-dimensional finite-difference numerical model to simulate the groundwater flow and transport model to predict the behavior of groundwater system ...

OBJECTIVES This study examined the trends in gender disparity in the self-rated health of people aged 25 to 64 in South Korea, a rapidly changing society, with specific attention to socio-structural inequality. METHODS Representative sample data were obtained from six successive, nationwide Social Statistics Surveys of the Korean National Statistical Office performed during 1992 to 2010. RE...

A classical result in graph theory asserts that every graph can be oriented so that the indegree and outdegree of each vertex differ by at most 1. We study the extent to which the result generalizes to uniform hypergraphs.

Random graph models have played a dominant role in the theoretical study of networked systems. The Poisson random graph of Erdős and Rényi, in particular, as well as the so-called configuration model, have served as the starting point for numerous calculations. In this paper we describe another large class of random graph models, which we call equitable random graphs and which are flexible enou...

We consider the problem of dividing a territory into sub-regions so as to balance the workloads of a collection of facilities or vehicles over that territory. We assume that the territory is a connected polygonal region, i.e. a simply connected polygon containing a set of simply connected obstacles. The territory also contains a collection of facilities, represented by a set of n fixed points i...

Article history: Received 20 July 2007 Accepted 4 June 2008 Available online 13 June 2008

A pair of human-in-the-loop simulation evaluations of a distributed air/ground separation assurance system have been conducted to investigate the function allocation between humans and automation systems as well as ground-based and airborne agents in the Next Generation Air Transportation System and beyond. This paper focuses on an analysis of certain critical conflicts observed between self-se...