background: schizophrenia is a disorder with psychotic symptoms that severely affects personal performance. assessing problem- focused strategies and quality of life (qol) in patients with schizophrenia may help the clinicians to use appropriate interventions. this study was conducted to find the relationship between problem-focused coping strategies and quality of life in schizophrenic patient...

introduction: in traditional medical education systems much interest is placed on the cramming of basic and clinical facts without considering their applicability in the future professional career. the aim of this study is to evaluate a novice medical training method (problem-based learning) as compared to the contemporary teacher-based medical education or traditional methods. methods: selecti...

in this paper, at rst for a given set of real or complex numbers  with nonnegative summation, we introduce some special conditions that with them there is no nonnegative tridiagonal matrix in which  is its spectrum. in continue we present some conditions for existence such nonnegative tridiagonal matrices.