Cystoliths are large outgrowths of cell wall material and calcium carbonate with a silicon-containing stalk found in the leaves, stems roots only handful plant families. Each cystolith is contained within called lithocyst. In lithocysts may be mesophyll or epidermis. A study by Koch et al. (2009) reported unique, indented features on surface superamphiphilic Ruellia devosiana ( Acanthaceae ) le...

Primary human epidermal stem cells isolated from skin tissues and subsequently expanded in tissue culture are used for human therapeutic use to reconstitute skin on patients and to generate artificial skin in culture for academic and commercial research. Classically, epidermal cells, known as keratinocytes, required fibroblast feeder support and serum-containing media for serial propagation. In...

In the present investigation an analysis has been made of the fine structure of the interrelationships of cells in human forearm epidermis by means of the electron microscope. The "intercellular bridges," here called attachment zones, are more complex than has previously been recognized. It is shown that dense oval thickenings, called attachment plaques, appear in apposed areas of adjacent epid...

In order to elucidate a part of calmodulin actions in the hyperproliferative state in human epidermis, calmodulin activities in the psoriatic and in the normal human epidermis were determined using calmodulin-deficient phosphodiesterase from bovine heart and purified pig skin epidermal calmodulin as a standard. Skin samples were obtained from 11 normal healthy controls and from both the uninvol...

Bamboo is a natural fiber composite with layered structure. Millions of years evolution have endowed bamboo the most effective structure in nature. The ingenious microstructure provides excellent mechanical properties. culm composed cortex, middle layer, and pith ring. cortex refers to area starting from periphery wall vascular bundles. present study obtained two-dimensional (2D) cells by optic...

The fatty acid composition of the lecithins, phosphatidyl serines, phosphatidyl ethanolamines, ceramides, and sphingomyelins of normal and hyperplastic mouse epidermis, squamous cell carcinomas of mice, and tissue-culture-grown squamous cell carcinoma cells of man was determined by gas chromatography. The degree of saturation of the fatty acids of the lecithins, phosphatidyl ethanolamines, and ...

The fatty acid composition of the lecithins, phosphatidyl serines, phosphatidyl ethanolamines, ceramides, and sphingomyelins of normal and hyperplastic mouse epidermis, squamous cell carcinomas of mice, and tissue-culture-grown squamous cell carcinoma cells of man was determined by gas chromatography. The degree of saturation of the fatty acids of the lecithins, phosphatidyl ethanolamines, and ...

The role of the minerals in epidermal methylcholanthrene carcinogenesis in mice has been described (1), and the integration of the chemical, physical, and histological changes has been reviewed recently by Cowdry (3). The present study was undertaken to compare the calcium, copper, and zinc content of mouse and human epidermis with that in squamous cell carcinomas from mouse and man respectivel...

Lrig1 is known to repress the epidermal growth through its inhibitory activity on EGFR, while CD44 promotes it. We analyzed the expression of these molecules in senescent atrophic human epidermis and in the epidermis of CD44KO mice. In normal human epidermis, Lrig1+ cells form clusters located in the basal layer in which CD44 expression is downregulated and Lef1 expression reflects an active Wn...

The morphogenesis of the C. elegans embryo is largely controlled by the development of the epidermis, also known as the hypodermis, a single epithelial layer that surrounds the animal. Morphogenesis of the epidermis involves cell-cell interactions with internal tissues, such as the developing nervous system and musculature. Genetic analysis of mutants with aberrant epidermal morphology has defi...