usually both ends of a transformer winding are at the same side of the magnetic core. with this arrangement there are automaticaly the same number of the turns for each winding in both core windows next to the middle leg of a three phase three leg core type transformer. contrary to this arrangement it is possible to put the two ends of a winding at the different sides of the core. in this case ...

High accuracy positioning systems in the nanometer range are needed for IC fabrication, research in microelectro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and nanotechnology. A linear encoder with sub-nanometer resolution is needed for such applications as large field x-ray lithography, large field scanning microscopes, x-ray microscopes, x-ray micromachining, etc. For a conventional laser interferometer the r...

An animal neural system ranges from a cluster of few neurons to brain billions. At the lower range, it is possible test each neuron for its role across set environmental conditions. However, higher range requires another approach. One method disentangle organization neuronal network. In case entorhinal cortex in rodent, cells involved spatial location activate regular grid-like arrangement. The...

Chromatin dynamics and arrangement are involved in many biological processes in nuclei of eukaryotes including plants. Plants have to respond rapidly to various environmental stimuli to achieve growth and development because they cannot move. It is assumed that the alteration of chromatin dynamics and arrangement support the response to these stimuli; however, there is little information in pla...

The association between fitness-related phenotypic traits and an environmental gradient offers one of the best opportunities to study the interplay between natural selection and migration. In cases in which specific genetic variants also show such clinal patterns, it may be possible to uncover the mutations responsible for local adaptation. The malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae, is associated w...