engineering and related sciences are among the most important compartments of the knowledge, which has been developed during centuries in order to provide a better life for human being. unfortunately, during the expansion of this knowledge, the aim has been sometimes neglected. in fact, human being has been destroying and depleting the natural resources, which is related on them for his life. t...

conclusions in general, time indices including length of patient stay in the ed and space capacity, emphasizing the need to address these shortcomings. materials and methods this analytical cross-sectional study was conducted via the faculty members of the ed and residents of shahid beheshti university of medical sciences in tehran, iran. data were collected using a predefined questionnaire. de...

all living organisms are exposed to ionizing radiation comprising cosmic rays coming from outer space, terrestrial nuclides occurring in the earth’s crust, building materials, air, water and foods and in the human body itself. the exposures are constant and uniform for all individuals everywhere including the dose from ingestion of 40k in food. cosmic rays are, more intense at higher altitudes,...

Deploying a system in an agile development environment presents its own set of challenges. If it is true that development cycles are short and that every release is as small as possible, then we are going to be releasing software much more frequently than with other methodologies. Related to this is the concept that the system is never finished, and deployments have to occur throughout the life...

Modeling and managing correctly the user context in Smart Environments is important to achieve robust and reliable systems. When modeling reality we must take into account its ambiguous nature. Considering the uncertainty and vagueness in context data information it is possible to attain a more precise picture of the environment, thus leading to a more accurate inference process. To achieve the...

OBJECTIVES To determine the age and the most common circumstances for smoking initiation along with smoking rates and to evaluate smoking trends for secondary and high school students in Poland during 2009 and 2011. MATERIAL AND METHODS In 2009, a pilot study was conducted in districts of Poland on high school students and their parents. For statistical analysis, correctly completed questionn...

the underground economy has long been of interest to economists and has devoted extensive studies to itself in economic literature. through fuzzy logic approach in present research, we estimated the size of underground economy of iran over the period of 1978-2010. for this purpose and according to theoretical bases and previous studies, variables such as gdp per capita, ratio of direct taxes to...

data envelopment analysis (dea) measures the relative efficiency of a homogenous set of decision-making units (dmus) when multiple inputs and outputs are present. the deabased malmquist productivity index measuring the productivity change of dmus over time has proven itself to be a valid tool to compare group performance. however, in the previous models developed for this purpose, it was suppos...

this paper seeks to make an empirical analysis of the degree to which the research effort andfunctional integration into the design of environmental activity account for a company’s environmental actionbasedcompetitive advantage. to do so, we have used a sample of 110 factories. it has been proven that bothfactors (the research effort and functional integration into the design of environmental ...