A categorical embedding theorem is proved for geometric lattices. This states roughly that, if one wants to consider only those embeddings into pro-jective spaces having a suitable universal property, then the existence of such an embedding can be checked by seeing whether corresponding properties hold for many small intervals. Tutte's embedding theorem for binary geometric lattices is a conseq...

Bacteroid-containing cells of leguminous root nodules (Pisum and Trifolium) provide an environment in which the membrane envelope surrounding each bacteroid can exhibit unusual properties. The bacteroids are crowded, and frequently neighbouring membrane envelopes come into close contact. In such cases the two envelopes can fuse laterally to give a symmetrical tripartite membrane, probably consi...

Following both theoretical and practical arguments, we construct UC-secure bit-commitment protocols that place their strength on the sender’s side and are built using tamper-evident devices, e.g., a type of distinguishable, sealed envelopes. We show that by using a second formalisation of tamper-evident distinguishable envelopes we can attain better security guarantees, i.e., EUC-security. We s...

The differential equation dx A , . where A = [x ~01 and e > 0 is a small parameter is a model for the stiff highly oscillatory problem. In this paper we discuss a new method for obtaining numerical approximations to the solution of the initial value problem for this differential equation. As e -» 0, the asymptotic theory for this initial value problem yields an approximation to the solution whi...

We examine critically some of the existing descriptions of the envelope of a 1-parameter family of surfaces in 3-space. An old, natural, description is that the envelope is the union of the characteristic curves (defined as the “limit intersection curves” of surfaces from the family). This description fell in disrepute during the 20th century. We claim that this relegation of the limit intersec...

The human monoclonal antibody b12 recognizes a conserved epitope on gp120 that overlaps the CD4 binding site. b12 has neutralizing activity against diverse human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains. However, we recently reported that b12 sensitivity of HIV-1 envelopes amplified from patient tissues without culture varied considerably. For two subjects, there was clear modulation of b1...

Considerable attention has been given to the computation of geometric loci in dynamic geometry, from both graphical and equational viewpoints. Recent work has established a rigourous approach to the last issue, solving the subject for the algebraic realm. Nevertheless, although the automatic computation of envelopes could be seen as an analogous problem, there are cases where unexpected difficu...

Incubation of intact Sendai virions or reconstituted Sendai virus envelopes with phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol liposomes at 37 degrees C results in virus-liposome fusion. Neither the liposome nor the virus content was released from the fusion product, indicating a nonleaky fusion process. Only liposomes possessing virus receptors, namely sialoglycolipids or sialoglycoproteins, became leaky up...

The energy performance of buildings depends on how effectively the building envelope responds to climate. Architects, therefore, need to design building envelopes with the consideration of local climate characteristics in the early design stage. Simplified formulas were used that evaluate the heating and cooling energy demand of building envelopes, which were applied to a model building with en...