A variant enterotoxin gene, referred to as sezA+, has been identified. Staphylococcus aureus FRI1106, a staphylococcal enterotoxin type D producer (Sed+), contained HindIII fragments of 3.8 and 9.4 kilobase pairs (kbp) that hybridized in Southern blot analysis to a probe containing only staphylococcal enterotoxin type A structural gene sequences. Presumably, probe A-624 hybridized to the 9.4-kb...

To facilitate the diagnosis of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infections in humans, we developed and evaluated real-time fluorescence PCR assays for the Roche LightCycler (LC) against the enterotoxin genes commonly present in strains associated with human illness. Separate LC-PCR assays with identical cycling conditions were designed for the type I heat-labile enterotoxin (LT I) and th...

Abstract Staphylococcus aureus is a prevalent bacterial causative agent of bovine mastitis and human food illness by secreting enterotoxins. This study aims to identify the seven classic enterotoxin genes (SEA SEH) isolated from humans animals. A total 173 isolates 14 (goat cow) were amplified with 23S rRNA genes. The presence classical enterotoxins (sea-seh) was using multiplex polymerase chai...

Plasmid DNA hybridization with probes for virulence factors used for basic replicons of plasmids was used to identify the virulence plasmids of a collection of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolates from cattle. The virulence probes were derived from the genes coding for the heat-stable enterotoxin STaP and for the F5 (K99) and F41 fimbrial adhesins. The replicon probes were derived from 16 ...

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has rarely been reported in the hospital setting. We report an outbreak of 7 cases of skin and soft tissue infections due to a strain of CA-MRSA. All patients were admitted to the labor and delivery, nursery, or maternity units during a 3-week period. Genetic fingerprinting showed that the outbreak strain was closely rel...

A novel multiplex PCR method using three sets of specific primers was developed for the detection of the cytotoxic (act), heat-labile (alt), and heat-stable (ast) enterotoxin genes in Aeromonas spp. This assay was used to characterize 35 reference strains as well as 537 food-borne isolates. A total of seven gene pattern combinations were encountered, including act, alt, act/alt, act/alt/ast, ac...

materials and methods two-hundred pasteurized (n = 100) and nonpasteurized (n = 100) cheese samples were collected. the initial isolation was performed on pemba specific medium. antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using several antibiotic disks, according to the guidelines of the clinical laboratory and standards institute. specific primers amplifying the hbla enterotoxin-encoding g...

background rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is the most common chronic inflammatory disease. the staphylococcal superantigens are considered as the causative agent of ra disease. objectives this study aimed to assess the presence of staphylococcal enterotoxin d in synovial fluid and blood of patients with ra. patients and methods a total of 120 blood and sf samples of patients with ra were studied. ba...

The non-haemolytic enterotoxin (Nhe) is one of two three-component enterotoxins responsible for the diarrhoeal food-poisoning syndrome caused by Bacillus cereus. Nhe is composed of NheA, NheB and NheC. The three genes encoding the Nhe components constitute an operon, and the transcriptional start site is located 61 bp upstream of the nheA translational start site. The nhe genes were cloned sepa...

background: staphylococcus aureus, the major virulence factor of hospital and community acquired infections, secretes numerous exotoxins (super antigens), which may affect immunological and inflammatory status in psoriatic skin lesion. objectives: this study is designed to compare the s. aureus super antigens level in sera of psoriatic patients with normal cases (nevus). patients and methods: a...