There have been numerous studies on engineering an artificial esophagus and esophageal substitutes in the recent years. They include autologous tissues, artificial materials (Teflon and polypropylene), and porous scaffolds and meshes using polyvinilidene fluoride (PVDF), collagen, and decellularized matrices (i.e., acellular porcine). However, complications such as stenosis, leakage, and fibros...

Many materials require functionally graded cellular microstructures whose porosity is engineered to meet specific requirements of diverse applications (e.g. polymers and/or ceramics that mimic biological material such as soft tissue and bone). It has been shown in previous work that the bubble growth rate of a polymeric foam can be influenced by the surrounding acoustic environment and, once so...

In this study, by using the finite volume method, the heat transfer in a convective straight fin with temperature-dependent thermal properties and an internal heat generation under multi-boiling heat transfer modes are analyzed. In this regard, the local heat transfer coefficient is considered to vary within a power-law function of temperature. In the present study, the coexistence of all the b...

Q : dimensionless heat loss from the fin, q/(klw f φ ) Abstract Rt: dimensionless thermal resistance A reversed trapezoidal fin with fluid in the inside wall is analyzed using a two-dimensional analytical method. Thermal resistance for the reversed trapezoidal fin is presented as a function of the fin length and fin base height. The relationship between the inside fluid convection characteristi...

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is important for knee stabilization. Unfortunately, it is also the most commonly injured intra-articular ligament. Due to poor vascularization, the ACL has inferior healing capability and is usually replaced after significant damage has occurred. Currently available replacements have a host of limitations, this has prompted the search for tissue-engineered s...

Failure in enhancing antigen immunogenicity has limited the development of cancer vaccine. Inspired by effective immune responses toward microorganisms, demi-bacteria (DB) from Bacillus are engineered as carriers for cancer vaccines. The explored hydrothermal treatment enables the Bacillus to preserve optimal pathogen morphology with intrinsic mannose receptor agonist. Meanwhile, the treated Ba...

A new species of dart fish, Parioglossus galzini sp. nov., is described based on specimens collected in Haurei Bay, Rapa Island (French Polynesia). It is distinguished from all other described species of Parioglossus as follows: dark lateral body stripe absent, 100 or more scales in longitudinal series from above pectoral-fin base to base of caudal fin, pectoral-fin rays 19–21, membrane of firs...

The new propulsor, whose inspiration is from pectoral fins of fishes, has arisen increasing attention. To improve the performance of the existing labriform bionic pectoral fin, based on the structure and control mechanism of real fish pectoral fin, the under-actuated technology was utilized to design a new flexible bionic pectoral fin. Then, the kinematic model of pectoral fin during fish forwa...

Graphene is a two-dimensional material that offers a unique combination of low density, exceptional mechanical properties, large surface area and excellent electrical conductivity. Recent progress has produced bulk 3D assemblies of graphene, such as graphene aerogels, but they possess purely stochastic porous networks, which limit their performance compared with the potential of an engineered a...

In this research study, the transient study of heat transfer through a convective-radiative porous fin is carried out considering temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and internal generation. The unsteady Galerkin weighted residuals technique employed to obtain temperatures fin. results indicate that increasing base temperature, generation and, lead increase along consequently higher temp...