Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), or sleeping sickness, is a vectorborne disease caused by trypanosomes (Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and T.b. rhodesiense) mainly affecting impoverished rural areas in sub-Saharan Africa, where the health systems are weak. Over the last decade, the number of HAT cases has shown a decreasing trend as a result of coordinated control efforts [1]. This makes it p...

561 Penicillium marneffei infection (PM) is an important disease among HIV-infected persons in Southeast Asia. Discovered in 1956 from the bamboo rat, Rhizomys sinensis, in Vietnam (1), PM was first identified in HIV-infected persons in 1988 (2). The disease has now been reported among HIV-infected persons in Thailand, Myanmar and Japan after they visited the PM-endemic region (3). PM occurs la...

Species, under the genus Rhynchorhamphus (Family: Hemiramphidae), are widely distributed marine groups of fishes. Among four species described from India, only two species, i.e., georgii and R. maabarica, reported along Indian coast. However, during present study, a specimen collected Western Ocean, Chetty harbour, Kerala, south-west coast has been identified as naga (Collette, 1976), based on ...

this study was conducted to determine taxonomic feature of fishes from the headwaters of three riverine systems in kohgiluyeh and boyer-ahmad province (k & b) in southwestern iran during 2011 to 2013. fifteen species belonging to 4 families, and 3 orders from the karun river system, 10 species belonging to 4 families and 3 orders from the zohreh river system and 8 species belonging to 2 fam...

For biodiversity research, the field of study that is concerned with the biological diversity of our planet, it is of utmost importance that the location of an animal specimen find is known with high precision. Due to specimens often having been collected over the course of many years, their accompanying geographical data is often ambiguous or may be very imprecise. In this contribution, we det...

black leg has been reported in a variety of animals, but is ofthe most importance in cattle and sheep. a20 days old holsteindairy calf was examined because of anorexia and lameness from2 days ago. the calf was depressed, tachypneic, tachycardic, andhad a body temperature of 38.5ºc. both hind limbs proximal tothe tarsal joint were markedly swollen, firm and painful. nocrepitation was noted on pa...