Sperm cell and embryo toxicity tests using the Mediterranean sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus were performed to assess the toxicity of tributyltin chloride, bis(tributyltin)oxide, triphenyltin acetate, and triphenyltin hydroxide. Toxicity values (mean effective concentration [EC50]) ranged from 2.97 to 18.5 microg/L for sperm cells and from 1.11 to 2.62 microg/L for embryos. For sperm cells, th...

After first postpartum ovulation most cows have a short luteal phase due to a premature secretion of PGF2a from the uterus. Pregnancy rate in estrous cycles with short luteal phases is essentially nil. The lack of exposure of the uterus to P4 and estrogen prior to first postpartum ovulation decreases the concentration of P4 receptors and up regulates oxytocin receptors. The inadequate number of...

Cytostatics are compounds used in chemotherapy, known to be genotoxic, mutagenic, and teratogenic at low concentrations. The amount of cytostatic drugs prescribed increases every year as does their release into the aquatic ecosystems, which possibly is a major concern for health organisms. This study aimed evaluate putative toxicity five cytostatics fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) larvae: ...

Tobacco smoking is one of the most serious health problems. Potentially lethal effects nicotine for adults can occur with as little 30 to 60 mg, although severe symptoms arise lower doses. Furthermore, route administration also influences toxicity. Cytisine popular medications in nicotinism treatment. Like nicotine, cytisine a plant alkaloid, signaling through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors....

UVs are important ingredients in common cosmetic products (e.g., sunscreens, hairsprays, soap). After their use, they can enter the aquatic ecosystem and negatively affect non-target organisms. The aim of our study was to evaluate acute embryotoxicity selected organic 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid (PBSA), ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (EHMC), octocrylene (OC), 4-methylbenzylidene camphor ...

Amoxicillin (AMX) is an antibiotic that has been added to the watch list of substances by European Union, through Water Framework Directive (WFD; 2000/60/EC) and its daughter regulation (Decision 2018/840) for which monitoring data have be gathered with a possibility future regulation. Previous studies demonstrated this generates toxic effects, among oxidative stress in aquatic organisms notewo...