Differentiation is an epigenetic process which is installed by changes of transcriptional programs over successive cellular divisions. A number of studies have reported the effects of biochemical modifications of chromatin (DNA and chromatin proteins) on the regulation of transcription. Although, these studies are able to explain how transcription of a given gene is regulated (toward activation...

Previous studies have shown that morphine administration could inhibit neural tube development in rat embryos and produce behavioral defects in human and animals. In the present study, the effects of maternal morphine consumption on embryonic neural plate development in Wistar rats were investigated. Methods: Twenty-four female Wistar rats (250-300 g) were crossed with males. After pregnancy...

Background: Because of stress oxidative side effect of MTX on reproductive system, current study was aimed to evaluate protective effects of cornus mas fruit extract (CMFE) in mice treated with methotrexate (MTX). Materials and Methods: 48 young mature male mice were classified in 4 groups. Control group received only normal saline orally (0.2 ml/day), and the second group was administered MTX ...

BACKGROUND This study sought to determine if acupuncture in LI4 and SP6, or in sacral points could harm the pregnancy outcome in Wistar rats as is believed according to traditional knowledge. METHODS 48 pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: total control where the rats were left in cages without manipulation; anesthetized control where the rats were manipulated and anesthe...

We studied the hemodynamic effects of changing volume loading in the chick embryo, before autonomic innervation, to test the hypothesis that the Frank-Starling mechanism functions in the embryonic myocardium. Dorsal aortic blood velocity was measured by pulsed Doppler. Heart rate and aortic diameter were also measured to calculate cardiac output and stroke volume index. Vitelline arterial and v...

Objective(s):To culture thein vitro mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and to direct their  differentiation to germ-line cells; in present study we used a vector backbone containing the fusion construct Stra8-EGFP to select differentiated ES cells that entered meiosis.  Retinoic acid was used to differentiate embryonic stem cells to germ cells. Materials and Methods: A fragment of Stra8 gene pr...

In multiple sclerosis Oligodendrocytes are obliterated by the immune system. neural stem/ progenitor cells (NS/P Cs) have the capacity to differentiate into mature myelinating oligodendrocytes. In embryonic mouse cortex oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) are more abundant than the ganglionic eminence. Doing gene set enrichment analysis using DAVID and Panther websites it was shown that Gpr...

Background: The main goals of our study were as follows: (1) to investigate whether the methanolic extract of the new cultivar (Gürarslan) of Trigonella foenum graecum L. seeds exhibit antiproliferative effects on the HeLa human cervix carcinoma, Mat-LyLu rat prostate carcinoma and 3T3 embryonic mouse fibroblast cell lines, (2) to determine how mitosis and DNA synthesis are affected in cancer c...

objective: it is hypothesized that stem cells have the capability to form tumors after transplantation. spermatogonial stem cells have proliferation potency and colonization ability related to express pluripotency genes such as c-myc. the primary aim of this study is to investigate tumorigenicity ability of these cells after in vitro cultivation and inoculation in athymic animals. methods: sper...