the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flow in a relatively wide electrostatic precipitator (ESP) (width:height = 2) is 2-or 3-dimensional (3D). The previous our measurements of 3D time-averaged flow velocity fields suggested that the flow in the ESP duct centre is almost 2-dimensional. In this paper we present both the 3D instantaneous and time-averaged flow velocity fields in a relatively wide ESP (wi...

A the three distinct electrostatic potentials that are well known to be present in the lipid membrane bilayer (the transmembrane potential, surface potential, and dipole potential), dipole potential is the least well characterized. Because it is located entirely within the membrane, it has been difficult to measure directly, and its influence on the structure, aggregation, and function of trans...

While the important role of electrostatic interactions in aqueous colloidal suspensions is widely known and reasonably well-understood, their relevance to nonpolar suspensions remains mysterious. We measure the interaction potentials of colloidal particles in a nonpolar solvent with reverse micelles. We find surprisingly strong electrostatic interactions characterized by surface potentials, |ez...

Structural characterization of poly-l-lactic acid (P(L)LA) and poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) oligomers containing three units was carried out with an atomistic approach. Oligomer structures were first optimized through quantum chemical calculations, using density functional theory (DFT); rotational barriers concerning dihedral angles along the chain were then investigated. Diffusion coefficients of...