Quantifying waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) not arising in documented formal WEEE collection is a major challenge. This paper presents method to characterize estimate quantities of scrap metal. Two European Catalogue List Waste, codes 17 04 05, construction demolition wastes—iron steel 20 01 40, metals separated out from municipal, household, commercial, industrial waste, were ...

The continuous increasing consumption of metals during the last decades caused a considerable growth of anthropogenic stocks. But, knowledge regarding quantity, quality and availability of material from these stocks is still quite limited. This study aims at analysing anthropogenic aluminium (Al) stocks and flows in Austria utilising a dynamic material flow model. The amount of Al currently sto...

We generalize Stark-chirped rapid adiabatic passage SCRAP to the case of two and three degenerate-level manifolds. The analysis of a degenerate-level system is facilitated by its subdivision into a set of smaller independently evolving subsystems corresponding to the minimal-sized invariant subspaces of the Hamiltonian. Population transfer from the starting to the final level is examined for di...

EPQ model; Replenishment lot size; Multiple deliveries; Random defective items; Production; Rework; Scrap items. Abstract This paper derives the optimal replenishment lot size and shipment policy for an Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) model with multiple deliveries and rework of random defective items. The classic EPQmodel assumes a continuous inventory issuing policy for satisfying demand a...