In the last few years, great attention has been given to the composition of the fluids that are administered to critically ill patients.(1,2) In particular, the amount of Na+ and Clis of paramount relevance because these two electrolytes are major determinants of the strong ion difference (SID) in the blood, which is the most important variable in the regulation of metabolic acid-base homeostas...

For dilute gases and non-electrolyte solutions in the McMillan-Mayer standard state, an activity expansion due to Mayer has great advantages over the n o d concentration expansion (virial equation) for strongly associating species. For weakly interacting systems, both approaches are suitabIe. The activity expansion eliminates the need to differentiate between strong " chemical " interactions an...

The cell water content determines the cell volume, which in turn controls numerous cellular functions. The mean volume of rat glioma cells was electronically measured under isotonic and anisotonic conditions. Two types of isotonic solutions were used containing either high or low concentrations of NaCl, KCl or N-methylglucamineCl. In low salt solutions, osmolarity was maintained constant by the...

Glymes are possible electrolyte solvents for high-energy lithium battery. Relevant results gathered over twenty years on these electrolytes reviewed, and approaches to achieve new cells using insertion or conversion cathodes discussed.

The paper presents the investigation of solid solutions formation in fluoride system Na5Al3F14-Na3AlF6-K3AlF6 with addition LiF. Two local regions were under consideration. first case concerns possibility potassium and sodium cations replacing lithium elpasolite (K2NaAlF6) when LiF is added to electrolyte. In second, effect on chiolite (Na5Al3F14) was studied. motivated by need control composit...