Electrokinetic decontamination and extraction have been proven to be one of the most viable, cost effective and emerging techniques in removing contaminants, especially heavy metals from soils for about last five decades. Basic concepts and an overview of the electrokinetic extraction processes and their potential applications in geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering have been reviewed ...

There is current interest in finding sustainable remediation technologies for the removal of contaminants from soil and groundwater. This review focuses on the combination of electrokinetics, the use of an electric potential to move organic and inorganic compounds, or charged particles/organisms in the subsurface independent of hydraulic conductivity; and bioremediation, the destruction of orga...

Synaptic vesicles isolated from guinea-pig cerebral cortex had an electrophoretic mobility of -3.55mum.s(-1).V(-1).cm in saline-sorbitol, pH7.2, at 25 degrees C (ionic strength 0.015g-ions/1). The mobility was pH-dependent, varied with ionic strength and indicated that the vesicular surface contained weak acidic functions with a pK(a) in the range 3.0-3.8. Although the vesicular surface was det...

A simple and sensitive on-chip preconcentration, separation, and electrochemical detection (ED) method for the electrophoretic analysis of food dyes was developed. The microchip comprised of three parallel channels: the first two are for the field-amplified sample stacking (FASS) and subsequent field-amplified sample injection (FASI) steps, while the third one is for the micellar EKC with ED (M...

We report on our investigation of a low Reynolds number non-equilibrium electrokinetic flow in a micro/nanochannel platform. Non-equilibrium electrokinetic phenomena include so-called concentration polarization in a moderate electric field and vortex formation in a high electric field. We conducted a spectral analysis of non-equilibrium electrokinetic vortices at a micro/nanochannel interface. ...

This study reports a hybrid electrokinetic technique for label-free manipulation of pathogenic bacteria in biological samples toward medical diagnostic applications. While most electrokinetic techniques only function in low-conductivity buffers, hybrid electrokinetics enables effective operation in high-conductivity samples, such as physiological fluids (∼1 S m(-1)). The hybrid electrokinetic t...

In this article, we review the applications of a novel theory (Ohshima 2009 Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater.10 063001) to the analysis of electrokinetic data for various soft particles, that is, particles covered with an ion-permeable surface layer of polyelectrolytes. Soft particles discussed in this review include various biological cells and hydrogel-coated particles as a model of biological cells....

Electrokinetic, structural and surface chemical characterizations of both active and porous sublayers of a composite (polyamide/polysulfone) reverse osmosis membrane were carried out by different techniques: (i) electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) allows both electrical and geometrical characterizations using equivalent circuits as models; (ii) surface chemical composition of the activ...

The report of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) encoding a divergent mecA gene in 2011 was highly significant. This homologue, designated mecC, poses diagnostic problems with the potential to be misdiagnosed as methicillin-sensitive S. aureus, with important potential consequences for individual patients and for the surveillance of MRSA. mecC MRSA have now been reported from 13...