We discuss the pinning properties of MgB2 thin films grown by pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) and by electron-beam (EB) evaporation. Two mechanisms are identified that contribute most effectively to the pinning of vortices in randomly oriented films. The EB process produces low defected crystallites with a small grain size providing enhanced pinning at grain boundaries without any degradation of ...

Ring formation in an evaporating sessile drop is a hydrodynamic process in which solids dispersed in the drop are advected to the contact line. After all the liquid evaporates, a ring-shaped deposit is left on the substrate that contains almost all the solute. Here I show that the drop itself can generate one of the essential conditions for ring formation to occur: contact line pinning. Further...

The elementary vortex pinning potential is studied in unconventional superconductors within the framework of the quasiclassical theory of superconductivity. Numerical results are presented for d-, anisotropic s-, and isotropic s-wave superconductors to show explicitly that in unconventional superconductors the vortex pinning potential is determined mainly by the loss of the condensation energy ...

Strong pinning of superconducting flux quanta by a square array of 1m-sized ferromagnetic dots in a magnetic-vortex state was visualized by low-temperature magnetic force microscopy. A direct correlation of the superconducting flux lines with the position of the dots was derived. It was found, that the superconducting vortices which are preferably located on top of the Py dots experience strong...

We discuss the elementary vortex pinning in type-II superconductors in connection with the Anderson’s theorem for nonmagnetic impurities. We address the following two issues. One is an enhancement of the vortex pinning energy in the unconventional superconductors. This enhancement comes from the pair-breaking effect of a nonmagnetic defect as the pinning center far away from the vortex core (i....

We examine the vortex states in a 2D superconductor interacting with a square array of pinning sites. As a function of increasing pinning size or strength we find a series of novel phases including multivortex and composite superlattice states such as aligned dimer and trimer configurations at individual pinning sites. Interactions of the vortices give rise to an orientational ordering of the i...

this case is a 19-year-old soldier who suffered a combined elbow dislocation and posterior monteggia fracture and dislocation (type ii). the ulna fracture was managed by orif. the elbow dislocation was managed by closed reduction and immobilization in 900 flexion. the posteriorly dislocated radial head was kept reduced by a transarticular pin. after 6 months elbow and forearm motion was restric...

The problem of stabilization in complex networks with asymmetric couplings forced by pinning control is studied. By using eigenvalue analysis, controllable regions for different types of coupling links are obtained. Some relevant factors on controllability such as pinning fraction and pinning strength are also investigated.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this article is to report the efficacy of the extension block pinning and additional intrafocal pinning technique applied to cases whose mallet fractures were not reduced with extension block pinning alone. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 14 digits with 14 patients who were treated with the extension block pinning and additional intrafocal pinning technique. Ther...