We apply an advection–diffusion reaction model to data from three different tuna tagging experiments in the western and central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) to reexamine the question of to what extent the population dynamics and spatial characteristics of tropical tunas require international cooperation for effective management. The median lifetime displacement of skipjack ranges from 420 to 470 nautic...

Clustering in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is an important technique to ease topology management and routing. Clustering provides an effective method for prolonging lifetime of a WSN. This paper proposes energy efficient multilevel clustering schemes for wireless sensor networks. Wireless sensor nodes are extremely energy constrained with a limited transmission range. Due to large area of de...

In this paper, we present a transient modeling of electromigration (EM) in TSV and TSV-to-wire interfaces in the power delivery network (PDN) of 3D ICs. In particular, we model atomic depletion and accumulation, effective resistance degradation, and full chip-scale PDN lifetime degradation due to EM. Our major focuses are on: (1) timedependent multi-physics EM modeling approach to model TSVs an...

The impact of laterally non-uniform carrier lifetime on the determination of the lifetime from photoconductance-based measurements, based on the self-consistent method proposed by Trupke and Bardos, is investigated using a simple model. It is shown that the method can result in an overestimation of the mean lifetime, with the magnitude of the error mainly dependent on the distribution of the ef...

We describe a nanosecond time-resolved fluorescence spectrometer that acquires fluorescence decay waveforms from each well of a 384-well microplate in 3 min with signal-to-noise exceeding 400 using direct waveform recording. The instrument combines high-energy pulsed laser sources (5-10 kHz repetition rate) with a photomultiplier and high-speed digitizer (1 GHz) to record a fluorescence decay w...

Wireless sensor networks have become increasingly popular due to their wide range of application. Clustering sensor nodes organizing them hierarchically have proven to be an effective method to provide better data aggregation and scalability for the sensor network while conserving limited energy. Minimizing the energy consumption of a wireless sensor network application is crucial for effective...

business all around the world uses different approaches to know their customers, segment them and formulate suitable strategies for them. one of these approaches is calculating the value of each customer for the company. in this paper by calculating customer lifetime value (clv) for individual customers of an online toy store named alakdolak, three customer segments are extracted. the level of ...

following the changes in the paradigm of urban studies in recent years, sustainability has become an increasingly important issue in the neighborhood’s planning and designing. however, this concept has originally been developed for american and european neighborhoods’ planning, it could also be customized for other neighborhoods’. additionally, in the neighborhood scale, the quality parameter f...

Amorphous/crystalline silicon (a-Si/c-Si) heterojunctions are of particular importance in photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion in a cost-effective way. This is principally due to the low temperature (low-T) nature of the process. In this work, we have analyzed a (n)a-Si/(i)a-Si/(p)cSi heterojunction solar cell structure using theoretical models for internal quantum yield (IQY) and I-V behavior. ...

Wireless sensor networks have become increasingly popular due to their wide range of application. Clustering sensor nodes organizing them hierarchically have proven to be an effective method to provide better data aggregation and scalability for the sensor network while conserving limited energy. Minimizing the energy consumption of a wireless sensor network application is crucial for effective...