Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is generally described as non-addictive. However, this report describes three cases in which criteria for dependence were met. A wider understanding that MDMA can be addictive in rare cases is important as very heavy use may cause lasting neuronal changes. This risk could be reduced with effective identification and treatment of dependent persons. In one cas...

Ecstasy samples often contain byproducts of the illegal, uncontrolled synthesis of N-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxy-amphetamine or 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). MDMA and eight chemically defined byproducts of MDMA synthesis were investigated for their interaction with the primary sites of action of MDMA, namely the human plasmalemmal monamine transporters for norepinephrine, serotonin, a...

Abstract Introduction Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is a highly prevalent and distressing condition, yet limited treatment modalities have been established incorporated into clinical practice to address this condition. 3,4-Methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA, ‘Ecstasy’ or ‘Molly’) psychostimulant affecting central serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine neurotransmission. These same neurotransmi...

  Background :Adenosine is an endogenous purine nucleoside that has a neuromodulatory role in the central nervous system. The amphetamine derivative (±)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or ecstasy) is a synthetic amphetamine analogue used recreationally to obtain an enhanced affiliated emotional response. MDMA is a potent monoaminergic neurotoxin with the potential of damage to brain neu...

A case of a patient with intracranial haemorrhage thought to have been associated with ingestion of 'Ecstasy' [3-4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)] is presented. The case illustrates the importance of drug analysis in cases involving illicit drug use.

We report the case of an acute cerebral hemorrhage after one "ecstasy" tablet in a 21 year old woman without any relevant medical or surgical history. The status showed a right sensorimotor syndrome. The CT-scan and the MRI revealed a left cerebral hemorrhage. The patient only partially recovered her neurological functions after one year. The discussion deals with the effects and dangers of 3,4...

Ecstasy or 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a frequently (ab)used recreational drug for its acute euphoric effects but on the long-term may cause neurotoxic damage to serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) nerve endings in the brain. Since decreased brain 5-HT function has been strongly associated with several impulse control disorders like hostility and violent aggression, ecstasy us...

The crystal structure of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine [systematic name: N-methyl-1-[3,4-(methylenedioxy) phenyl]-2-aminopropane] hydrochloride, C11H15NO2.HCl, also known as 'ecstasy' or MDMA, has been determined by X-ray diffraction.

Background: Ecstasy or 3-4, methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), as an amphetamine derivate, could lead to learning and memory impairment. Objectives: As the hippocampus is responsible for learning and memory, herein we evaluated acute and chronic effects of MDMA on the structure of the hippocampus. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats (200-250 g) received single or multiple injections of M...