BACKGROUND Pakistan is a developing country with the second highest infant and child mortality rate in South Asia. In this region, malnutrition underlies much of the high infant and under five child morbidity and mortality rates. Although struggle to tackle the issue of malnutrition among young Pakistani children has been going on since many decades, till yet a realistic solution for this growi...

Objectives The authors performed a systematic review to evaluate the potential beneficial effects of the nasoalveolar molding appliance on nonsyndromic unilateral clefts of the lip and/or palate prior to primary lip repair. Material and Methods A literature search was performed using three electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science) and three journals ("Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Jou...

We consider social systems in which agents are not only characterized by their states but also have the freedom to choose their interaction partners to maximize their utility. We map such systems onto an Ising model in which spins are dynamically coupled by links in a dynamical network. In this model there are two dynamical quantities which arrange towards a minimum energy state in the canonica...

Background: Iran, a lowto middle-income country, has experienced considerable socioeconomic changes in 20 century, which their impacts on the adult heights has not been assessed deeply by now. This article aims to quantify the temporal variations of height (with respect to shrinkage of height due to aging) and its deterministic factors in Iranian population born between 1940 and 1984. Methods: ...

The elderly consume more medications than other age groups, being susceptible to irrational use of therapeutic drugs. This work describes a cross-sectional study that evaluated self-medication practiced by elderly women, who were assisted at the Elderly Care Facility of the hospital of the Catholic University of Brasilia. The socio-economical variables analyzed were age group, educational level...

INTRODUCTION Cuiaba presents a huge number of cases of dengue in the endemic periods as well as in the cyclical epidemics. The aim of the study was to analyze the intra-urban differentials of the incidence in 2007 and 2008 relating them with socio-economical and environmental life conditions. METHOD study of ecological approach using secondary data. The characterization of the life conditions...

..................................................................................................................................................................... 2 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................... 3 TECHNOLOGY IN SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS .....................