This report describes the findings of ultrasonographic examination of the abomasum in 30 goats. A 5.0 MHz linear transducer was used to scan the left and right paramedian regions, the linea alba and the right abdominal wall of standing goats. The abomasum appeared as a heterogeneous, moderately echogenic structure with echogenic stippling. The abomasum could be seen from the linea alba in all t...

Objective: The significance of intracardiac echogenic focus (ICEF) in the fetal period is controversial. We conducted current study to determine whether ICEF affects risk cardiac malformation or anomaly fetus.

Objective(s): Dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in activation of T cell responses. Induction of type1 T helper (Th1) immune response is essential to generate protective immunity against cutaneous leishmaniasis. The intrinsic tendency of liposomes to have interaction with antigen-presenting cells is the main rationale to utilize liposomes as antigen carriers. In the present study, the e...

Combination formulations of liposomes with collagen have been previously introduced as a means of obtaining more stable and less permeable liposomes. In this study, the effect of aqueous solutions of the collagen products COLLAPUR? (COL) and COLLAPURON-DAK? (COLD) from Henkle Co., on the release rate of sodium chromate (CHR) as a water-soluble model drug from stable plurilamellar vesicles (SPLV...

The purpose of this study was to optimize a method for the encapsulation of P5 peptide, a new designed peptide containing MHC class I epitopes from rat HER2/neu protein, into liposomes as an approach for breast cancer vaccine formulation. The efficiency of liposomal encapsulation of peptides is generally low and development of an optimized method to increase encapsulation efficiency is a big ch...

      Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an important antioxidant that protects many types of cells from the free radical damage. One of the possible ways for the use of SOD is its incorporation in liposomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cationic phospholipids on the entrapment of human erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) in liposomes. Also, in the present study, w...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Echolucent carotid plaques have been associated with increased risk for stroke. Histological studies suggested that echolucent plaques are hemorrhage- and lipid-rich, whereas echogenic plaques are characterized by fibrosis and calcification. This is the first study to relate echogenicity to plaque composition analyzed biochemically. METHODS Echogenicity of human carotid...

OBJECTIVE To synthesize the accumulated data on the diagnostic performance of intracardiac echogenic foci for Down syndrome, a meta-analysis was performed. DATA SOURCES We conducted MEDLINE and EMBASE searches (1985 to August 2002) using the key words "intracardiac (echogenic) focus/foci," "golfballs," "trisomy 21," and "Down syndrome." Bibliographies of retrieved articles were also screened,...

Background. Transcranial sonography (TCS) has emerged as a potential diagnostic tool for Parkinson's disease. Recent research has suggested that abnormal echogenicity of substantia nigra, raphe nuclei and third ventricle is associated with increased risk of depression among these patients. We sought to reproduce these findings in an ongoing larger study of patients with parkinsonian syndromes. ...