conclusions a review of opinion rhazes and other ancient islamic medical textbooks on nocturnal enuresis reveals that medical practice in those days was comparable to modern medicine yet avoiding the side effects that are commonly experienced with the modern medical approach. results our findings proved that rhazes described the symptoms, signs, and the treatment of nocturnal enuresis in accord...

The use of Ḥijāmah dates back to 3500 BC in Egypt, with records Ebers Papyrus. But the last two decades, is gaining its due acceptance management different neuromuscular and pain disorders. For sciatica, advised over sciatic nerve. 2 cups (over gluteal area thigh/ calf muscle below ankle), 5 even 9 may be done patients sciatica. These settings/ protocols sciatica show a significant reduction di...

We examine the treatment of urinary incontinence in Ancient Egypt with faïence in the light of current concerns regarding the treatment of dysfunctional elimination in children with milk of magnesia. The origins of medical science in Africa and their influence on Western medicine are attested to by surviving documents from the XVIII Dynasty of the New Kingdom period of Pharaonic Egypt. One such...

When academic analysts monitor journalistic output and compare public appetites for different topics in the media, they tend to omit something rather important. While counting numbers of column inches in newspapers, they invariably overlook the authors. Yet one factor that can affect both the quality and impact of a report is whether it is written by a specialist (such as a science editor), a g...

A medical condition producing excessive thirst, continuous urination, and severe weight loss has interested medical authors for over three millennia. Unfortunately, until the early part of twentieth century the prognosis for a patient with this condition was no better than it was over 3000 years ago. Since the ancient physicians described almost exclusively cases of what is today known as type ...

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS MSJ JOURNAL Although there is no strong evidence base, there are a number of reasons to believe that effective anti-inflammatory treatment in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) delays the time course to the onset of the progressive course and prevents long-term disability. An important concept is that a relapse is an infrequent clinical signal of ongoing inflammatory...

BACKGROUND The programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway inhibits the activation of T cells and plays a crucial role in the negative regulation of cellular and humoral immune responses. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoid malignancy in adults. In the present study, we aimed to detect the expression of PD-L1 in DLBCL and to analyz...

BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the main cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), also found in other head and neck carcinomas (HNSCCs) where its role remains controversial. RESULTS EBV was found in 80% and 21% of the samples with PCR and ISH (in cancer cells), respectively. Eight of ISH-positive samples were not NPCs. EBER-RNA detection in carcinoma cells was associated with worse pro...