introduction: the functional effects of orexin-b on the calcium spikes and excitability of the neuronal soma membrane of garden snail, helix aspersa were studied. methods: conventional intracellular recording, under the current clamp conditions was performed to examine the effects of orexin-b on the configuration and electrophysiological properties of calcium spikes. results: application of ore...

Measurements and observations of five early events of fertilization, singly and in pairs, from single sea urchin eggs have revealed the precise temporal sequence and spatial distribution of these events. In the Arbacia punctulata egg, a wave of surface contraction occurs coincident with membrane depolarization (t = 0). These two earliest events are followed by the onset of a rapid, propagated i...

Resistance of leukemic cells to chemotherapeutic agents is associated with an unfavorable outcome in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). To investigate the underlying mechanisms of cellular drug resistance, the activation of various apoptotic parameters in leukemic cells from 50 children with ALL was studied after in vitro exposure with 4 important drugs in ALL therapy (prednisolone, ...

Exposure of epithelial respiratory cells to the alkylating agent, mechlorethamine (HN2), induces anoikis initiated by mitochondrial depolarization and caspase-2 activation. The mechanisms of disruption of cell interactions were investigated and expression of integrins, E-cadherin, and actin were therefore studied after HN2 treatment. In the adherent cells, an early disruption of F-actin occurre...

Studies on potential treatments of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are important to improve the global situation in face pandemic. This review proposes lithium as a drug treat COVID-19. Our hypothesis states that can suppress NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activity, inhibit cell death, and exhibit immunomodulation via membrane depolarization. was for...

In the present study, we studied the ability of glutathione (GSH) to detoxify exogenously applied cumene hydroperoxide (CHP). Exposure of leech Retzius nerve cells to CHP (1.5 mM) induced a marked prolongation of the spontaneous spike potential of these cells. Early after depolarization, and a cardiac-like action potential with a rapid depolarization followed by a sustained depolarization or pl...