ARDS = adult respiratory distress syndrome; CT computed tomography; FIo2 fractional inspired oxygen concentration; MAP = mean airway pressure; PA mean alveolar pressure; PCV= pressure-controlled ventilation; PEEP positive end expiratory pressure; PIP peak inspiratory pressure B arotrauma is an important and potentially lethal compli cation ofmechanical ventilation. All physicians working with p...

Pneumopericardium is an uncommon complication of the neonatal transition period, occurring in 1.3 percent of premature neonates in intensive care settings. Its occurrence is usually associated with some type of barotrauma or respiratory intervention, such as endotracheal intubation or administration of continuous positive airway pressure, and is almost exclusively a problem for the premature in...

BACKGROUND Barosinusitis, or sinus barotrauma, may arise from changes in ambient pressure that are not compensated by force equalization mechanisms within the paranasal sinuses. Barosinusitis is most commonly seen with barometric changes during flight or diving. Understanding and better classifying the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of barosinusitis are essential to impr...

Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia can rapidly progress to acute respiratory failure and distress syndrome that should receive timely ventilatory support invasive mechanical ventilation. Barotrauma is a complication be considered in this type patient due the risk worsening clinical course, increasing mortality risk. The mechanism how barotrauma occurs COVID-19 related lung damage associated...

T oklu et al have raised the question of whether routine high resolution computed tomographic (CT) scanning of the chest should form part of the initial diving medical examination for occupational divers. The authors make this proposition in discussing their series of three divers in which pulmonary abnormalities were discovered on high resolution CT scan after occupational diving incidents. On...