The importance of rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) in Iran aquaculture industry on one hand, and increasing the mortality of this fish due to outbreaks of infectious diseases, on the other hand, indicate the requirement for more profound understanding the rainbow trout immune system and access to laboratory tools for definitive diagnosis of its diseases. One of the most important defense me...

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) are responsible for wide ranges of extra-intestinal diseases in poultry including colibacillosis, cellulitis, coligranuloma and yolk sac infection. Numbers of virulence are considered important in the pathogenicity of these diseases. The aims of the present study were phylogenetic typing and virulence genes detection in Escherichia coli </em...

The design of the interaction region for an e ? e ? collider will involve an understanding of beam-beam eeects, detector backgrounds, and the constraints required to maintain very small beam spot sizes. This paper reviews progress in the design of the e + e ? interaction region of the proposed SLAC X-band NLC as a base design for the e ? e ? detector.

The Aplysia nervous system contains two phorbol ester-activated protein kinase C isoforms, the Ca(2+)-activated Apl I and the Ca(2+)-independent Apl II. Short-term applications of the facilitatory transmitter serotonin (5-HT) activates Apl I, but not Apl II. In contrast, Apl II, but not Apl I, can form an autonomous kinase. To investigate the biochemical characteristics of the Aplysia kinases t...

Radio remote sensing of the ionospheric E region can be difficult, particularly in the nighttime E region valley which lies between two regions of higher electron density. We show that extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic waves launched from below penetrate this region because of their low attenuation and can be reflected from both the D region and the top of the E region valley. This ...

Flagellar mutants in Escherichia coli were obtained by selection for resistance to the flagellotropic phage chi. F elements covering various regions of the E. coli genome were then constructed, and, on the basis of the ability of these elements to restore flagellar function, the mutations were assigned to three regions of the E. coli chromosome. Region I is between trp and gal; region II is bet...

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of Liza klunzingeri in two regions of the Persian Gulf. In this study, the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was employed to analyze population genetic diversity between two populations (Ziyarat & Hendijan). Seven primer combinations (E-AAG/M-CTA, E-ACT/ M-CAA, E-ACT/ M-CTA, E-AAG/M-CTG,...