Fumarolic Ice caves on Antarctica's Mt. Erebus contain a dark oligotrophic volcanic ecosystem (DOVE) and represent a deep biosphere habitat that can provide insight into microbial communities that utilize energy sources other than photosynthesis. The community assembly and role of fungi in these environments remains largely unknown. However, these habitats could be relatively easily contaminate...

This paper presents an efficient method based on physical laws to model volcanic clouds. Some physical models have been proposed for simulating volcanic clouds [Woods 1988], but most of the previous models are only two or less dimensional or need huge calculation times. Our approach achieves a physical, 3D and efficient modeling of volcanic clouds. The dynamics of volcanic clouds is modeled usi...

In Earth Sciences there is a growing interest in studies concerning soil-radon activity, due to its potential as a tracer of numerous natural phenomena. Our work marks an advance in the comprehension of the interplay between tectonic activity, volcanic eruptions and gas release through faults. Soil-radon measurements, acquired on Mt. Etna volcano in 2009-2011, were analyzed. Our radon probe is ...

[1] The largest explosive volcanic eruptions that have occurred on Earth generated giant ash clouds from rising plumes that spread in the stratosphere around a height of neutral buoyancy, with estimated supply rates that are in the range 10 to 10 m/s. These giant ash clouds are controlled by a balance between gravity and Coriolis forces, forming spinning bodies of nearly fixed proportions after...

Though previous studies have shown that state-of-the-art climate models are rather imperfect in their simulations of the climate response to large volcanic eruptions, the results depend on how the analyses were done. Observations show that all recent large tropical eruptions were followed bywinter warming in the first Northern Hemisphere (NH) winter after the eruption, with little such response...

damavand is a large dormant stratovolcano in the alborz mountains of northern iran located in one of the most populous provinces, which could be adversely affected by tephra fall from damavand. the youngest known eruption is a lava flow on the western flanks with an age of 7.3 ka. the volcanic products are predominantly porphyritic trachyandesite. three major young pumice deposits, named here a...

Volcanic eruptions recorded in the Illimani ice core (Bolivia): 1918–1998 and Tambora periods M. De Angelis, J. Simões , H. Bonnaveira, J.-D. Taupin, and R. J. Delmas LGGE, CNRS and Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble-Saint Martin d’Hères, France Institute of Geosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil LGGE, IRD, Grenoble-Saint Martin d’Hères, France Received: 3 F...

The large-scale volcanic lineaments in Iceland are an axial zone, which is delineated by the Reykjanes, West and North Volcanic Zones (RVZ, WVZ, NVZ) and the East Volcanic Zone (EVZ), which is growing in length by propagation to the southwest through pre-existing crust. These zones are connected across central Iceland by the Mid-Iceland Belt (MIB). Other volcanically active areas are the two in...

The investigations of scattering and absorbing characteristics of stratospheric aerosol layer after high-power volcanic eruptions make it possible to separate out and evaluate the influence of anomalous high aerosol concentrations on the radiation transfer in the atmosphere and the general radiation balance of the Earth. The violent eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines in June 1991 injec...