There is an urgent need for more durable and cost-effective bearing and gear steels for wind turbine applications; yet we are still using traditional steels such as 8620 and 52100 steels, which are inexpensive and have high strength. However, higher corrosion resistance is required for marine application of wind turbines. Our research group developed under NSF funding a series of high strength ...

| 5 Abstract Developing high yielding and high quality varieties with broad-spectrum and durable disease resistance is the ultimate goal of crop breeding. Resistance (R) genes encoding proteins with nucleotide-binding site (NBS) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains provide high levels of resistance, but this type of R genes usually only confers resistance to a subset of pathogen races. In addi...

Significant new advances at the molecular level in the field of plant-pathogen interactions form the basis for novel transgenic approaches to crop protection. The cloning of disease resistance genes and the dissection of the signal transduction components of the hypersensitive response and systemic acquired resistance pathways have greatly increased the diversity of options available for transg...

Rust diseases remain a significant threat to the production of most cereals including wheat. New sources of resistance are continually sought by breeders to combat the emergence of new pathogen races. Rice is atypical in that it is an intensively grown cereal with no known rust pathogen. The resistance of rice to cereal rust diseases is referred to as nonhost resistance (NHR), a resistance mech...

Benzimidazoles are important antitubulin agents used in veterinary medicine and plant disease control. Resistance is a practical problem correlated with single amino acid changes in beta-tubulin and is often linked to greater sensitivity to phenylcarbamates. This negative cross-resistance creates opportunities for durable antiresistance strategies. Attempts to understand the molecular basis of ...

We describe the construction and screening of a large insert genomic library from the diploid potato clone HB171(13) that has been shown to express durable quantitative field resistance to Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of potato late blight disease. Integrated genetic mapping of the field resistance quantitative trait locus with markers developed from populations segregating for Rpi-...

Preface How can we stop cancer progression? Current strategies depend on modeling progression as the balanced outcome of mutations in, and expression of, tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. New treatments emerge from successful attempts to tip that balance, but secondary mutational escape from those treatments has become a major impediment because it leads to resistance. In this Opinion artic...

The rusts of wheat are important fungal plant pathogens that can be disseminated thousands of kilometers across continents and oceans by wind. Rusts are obligate parasites that interact with resistance genes in wheat in a gene-for-gene manner. New races of rust develop by mutation and selection for virulence against rust resistance genes in wheat. In recent years, new races of wheat leaf rust, ...

Bioengineering strategies are being developed that will provide specific and durable resistance against plant-parasitic nematodes in crops. The strategies come under three categories: (i) transfer of natural resistance genes from plants that have them to plants that do not, to mobilize the defense mechanisms in susceptible crops; (ii) interference with the biochemical signals that nematodes exc...