This study is intended to examine the past drought and predict future drought scenarios for Arkansas-Red River Basin with comprehensive drought indices ranging from meteorology, hydrometeorology to hydrology. In this proceeding, we present some early results and analysis with the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). Historical climate data within ...

a r t i c l e i n f o Representation and quantification of uncertainty in climate change impact studies are a difficult task. Several sources of uncertainty arise in studies of hydrologic impacts of climate change, such as those due to choice of general circulation models (GCMs), scenarios and downscaling methods. Recently, much work has focused on uncertainty quantification and modeling in reg...

Future projections of streamflow extremes are of paramount significance in assessing the climate impacts on social and natural systems, particularly for the Himalayan alpine region in the Tibetan Plateau known as the Asian water tower. This study strives to quantify the uncertainties from different sources in simulating future extreme flows and seeks to construct reliable scenarios of future ex...

Continuous simulations from the middle of 20th century to end 21st were performed using a 20-km atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM), and 60-km AGCM with dynamical downscaling via regional climate (RCM), explore transitional changes in extreme events. The representative scenario by AGCMs followed protocol High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project experiments. In addition, ensemble f...

Forecasts of decadal climate change at subcontinental scales made by global climate models (GCMs) are currently too uncertain to be useful to policy makers. For example, the forecasts of global mean surface temperatures in the current Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions (SRES) A1B scenario show an agreement across 15 models of about ±0.75 K in warming of...

increasing greenhouse gases in recent decades and increasing its resulting temperature has causes the imbalance of the earth’s climate system and widespread climate changes in most regions of earth planet. development strategic policy in this area has been forced with a big challenge because of the need for water in the central region on the one hand and water resource constraints on the other ...

Francisella tularensis subspecies tularensis (type A) and holarctica (type B) are of clinical importance in causing tularemia. Molecular typing methods have further separated type A strains into three genetically distinct clades, A1a, A1b and A2. Epidemiological analyses of human infections in the United States suggest that A1b infections are associated with a significantly higher mortality rat...

Ephrins are ligands for the Eph receptor tyrosine kinases, which play important roles in patterning nervous and vascular systems. Ephrin-A1 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored ligand that binds to the EphA receptor tyrosine kinases. In the present study, we have identified a new ephrin-A1 isoform, denoted ephrin-A1b (ephrin-A1 isoform b). Compared with the originally described ephrin-A1 ...

The present study attempts to introduce a method of statistical downscaling with a synoptic view. The precipitation data of Golestan Province has been used for the years 1971 to 2010. Employing multivariable regression, this study models the precipitation gauges in the station scale, by making use of 26 predicting components of model HadCM3, on the basis of two A2 and B2 scenarios. However, the...