Use of Doppler velocity measurement in spaceborne precipitation radar is highly desirable, since it can allow more accurate retrieval of atmospheric latent heating, which depends on both cloud and rain microphysical processes and on dynamical processes, namely, vertical updrafts and downdrafts. However, if the rain within the antenna beam is very non-uniform, biases can result with conventional...

This paper presents a technique for the automatic classification of vocal and non-vocal regions in an acoustic musical signal. The proposed technique uses acoustic features which are suitable to distinguish vocal and non-vocal signals. We employ the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) classifier for vocal and non-vocal classification. In contrast to conventional HMM training methods which employ one mode...

Abstract. The Pearl River Delta (PRD) region in southern China has been subject to severe ozone (O3) pollution during daytime and anomalous nocturnal O3 increase (NOI) nighttime. In this study, the spatiotemporal variation of NOI events PRD from 2006 2019 is comprehensively analysed, role vertical transport occurrence quantified based on observed surface fifth-generation European Centre for Med...

The outer surface layers of the sun show a clear deceleration at low latitudes. This is generally thought to be the result of a strong dominance of vertical turbulent motions associated with strong downdrafts. This strong negative radial shear should not only contribute to amplifying the toroidal field locally and to expelling magnetic helicity, but it may also be responsible for producing a st...

Assuming that the largest convective patterns generate the majority of convective transport, we devise a numerical scheme simplifying the convective velocity field using two parallel radial columns to represent upand downstream flows. Horizontal exchange is described by fluid flow and radiation over the interface between those two columns. The main parameters of this convective description have...

Column observations of NO2 by GOME and CO by MOPITT over North America and surrounding oceans for April 2000 are analyzed using a regional chemical transport model. Transient enhancements in these measurements due to lightning NOx production or convective transport are examined. Evidence is found for lightning enhancements of NO2 over the continent and western North Atlantic and for convective ...

column stretching, so that the NH3 , NH4SH, and water lifting condensation levels were pushed to 8, 16, and .20 bars, respecThe Galileo probe found the jovian abundance of H2S to be tively. In either case, the simplest form of this model requires 30% solar at the 8 bar level, while the abundance of water was the downdraft to be less dense than the surroundings from less than 3% solar at 12 bars...