Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os elementos centrais dateoria das instituições desenvolvida Douglass North para a compreensãoda dinâmica econômica em sua perspectiva histórica. Para isso, apresenta ascontribuições seminais o debate, descreve na forma de survey evolução seu pensamento no que tange importância instituições, e teoria institucionalista visão consolidada, destacando conceit...

Steven Goldman, MD; Jack Copeland, MD; Thomas Moritz, MS; William Henderson, PhD; Karen Zadina, RN, MA; Theron Ovitt, MD; Karl B. Kern, MD; Gulshan Sethi, MD; G.V.R.K. Sharma, MD; Shukri Khuri, MD; Kent Richards, MD; Fred Grover, MD; Douglass Morrison, MD; Glenn Whitman, MD; Elliot Chesler, MD; Y. Sako, MD, PhD; Ivan Pacold, MD; Alvaro Montoya, MD; Henry DeMots, MD; Storm Floten, MD; James Dohe...

[1] Iceland is a strong localized source of non-eruptive volcanic warming and cooling. Temperature trend maps show that this phenomenon is localized to an area of about twice that of Iceland. With altitude the area remains constant but the phenomenon weakens and changes sign upon passing through the tropopause. The effect’s magnitude implies a large positive feedback, according to a conventiona...

Popular texts typically assert that guilds of craftsmen `̀ monopolized’ ’ markets in medieval England. Norman Cantor’s Medieval Reader declares `̀ craft guilds’ . . . main purpose and activity was narrow regulation of industrial productivity in order to restrain competition’ ’ (Cantor 1994, p. 278). Douglass North’s Structure and Change in Economic History asserts `̀ . . . guilds organized to prot...

The research objective is to determine the level of technical efficiency and factors that influence inefficiency, analyze relationship between input output in production process aromatic rice farming Seluma regency.Total number respondents were 73 farmers who planted Aromatic rice. Cobb Douglass Frontier Stochastic approach was used, whereas for inefficiency function as initial answer above ana...