Rats were treated for 21 d with the selective D1 dopamine receptor antagonist SCH23390, the selective D2 dopamine receptor antagonist spiperone, the nonselective dopamine receptor antagonist cis-flupentixol, or a combination of SCH23390 and spiperone. In addition, a group of rats received L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycinamide (PLG) for 5 d after the 21 d chronic spiperone treatment. Chronic treatment w...

High-voltage spindles (HVSs) have been reported to appear spontaneously and widely in the cortical-basal ganglia networks of rats. Our previous study showed that dopamine depletion can significantly increase the power and coherence of HVSs in the globus pallidus (GP) and motor cortex of freely moving rats. However, it is unclear whether dopamine regulates HVS activity by acting on dopamine D₁-l...

Activation of dopamine D(1A) receptors in renal proximal tubules causes inhibition of sodium transporters (Na-K-ATPase and Na/H exchanger), leading to a decrease in sodium reabsorption. In addition to being localized on the plasma membrane, D(1A) receptors are mainly present in intracellular compartments under basal conditions. We observed, using [(3)H]SCH-23390 binding and immunoblotting, that...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Levodopa and dopamine agonists have different effects on the motor, cognitive, and psychiatric aspects of Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS Using a computational model of basal ganglia (BG) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) dopamine, we provide a theoretical synthesis of the dissociable effects of these dopaminergic medications on brain and cognition. Our model incorporates the find...

Midbrain dopamine neurons are activated directly by cholinergic agonists or by stimulation of the cholinergic neurons in the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT) of the pons in rats. In urethane-anesthetized mice, electrical stimulation of the LDT resulted in a rapid, stimulus-time-locked increase in dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), followed several minutes later by a prolonged ...

In the periphery, physiological dopamine increases renal blood flow, decreases renal resistance and acts on the kidney tubule to enhance natriuresis and diuresis. Dopamine receptors can be divided into D1-like (D1 and D5) receptors that stimulate adenylyl cyclase and D2-like (D2, D3 and D4) receptors that inhibit adenylyl cyclase. Both the D1-like and D2-like receptors are expressed in the kidn...

The recommendation of this personal commentary is that dopaminergic sites and states be defined by the rank order of the effective absolute molarities (in vitro) for the principal dopaminergic congeners. This recommendation can serve to define the receptors in both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues and will assist in communicating the following fundamental and controversial issu...

pathological hormone secretion, the clinical presentation is determined by localization of tumor. Common symptoms include headache and visual field defects. This review addresses pathology aspects diagnosis, conservative treatment, methods radiation therapy. Drug therapy endocrine-inactive adenomas based on presence receptors for somatostatin dopamine in pituitary adenoma cells. Data stereotact...

Dopamine is fundamental in human behavior for movement, cognition and reward. A dysfunctional dopamine system is implicated in several neurological and psychiatric disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia. Dopamine mediates its effects through five receptors. Dopamine D2 receptors are well studied and successful drug targets in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease and schizophren...