Since the "bird flu" incident in Hong Kong SAR in 1997, several studies have highlighted the substantial role of domestic birds, such as turkeys and chickens, in the ecology of influenza A viruses. Even if recent evidence suggests that chickens can maintain several influenza serotypes, avian influenza viruses (AIVs) circulating in domestic species are believed to be introduced each time from th...

FARMER-DRIVEN RESEARCH ON VILLAGE CHICKEN PRODUCTION IN SANYATI, ZIMBABWE. Studies on village chicken production in Sanyati, Zimbabwe, were initiated in 1998. The objective was, in cooperation with the farmers, to find means to improve chicken production by decreasing mortality and increasing growth. The aim is that more chickens should reach slaughter weight. Thus, household consumption and in...

Thermostable Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines have been used widely to control Newcastle disease for village poultry flocks, due to their independence of cold chains for delivery and storage. To explore the potential use of thermostable NDV as a vaccine vector, an infectious clone of thermostable avirulent NDV strain TS09-C was developed using reverse genetics technology. The GFP gene, al...

Background: Toxoplasma gondii, as an important food-borne protozoan parasite, occurs widely in humans and animals including domestic poultry throughout the world. The goal of this survey was to determine prevalence rate of T. gondii in free-ranging chickens sold in Tunis, Tunisia. Methods: In the present study, the prevalence of T. gondii in 40 free-range chickens (Gallus domesticus) marketed ...

Title Thesis: EFFECTS OF MARKS ON AGGRESSION AND STRESS IN THE DOMESTIC FOWL (GALLUS GALLUS DOMESTICUS) Rachel Lynn Dennis, Master of Science, 2004 Thesis Directed By: Associate Professor, Dr. Inmaculada Estevez, Department of Animal and Avian Sciences Animals are marked for identification in a range of experiments from behavior and wildlife management, to reproduction and pharmacological studi...

A deletion of ∼20 amino acids in the stalk of neuraminidase is frequently observed upon transmission of influenza A viruses from waterfowl to domestic poultry. A pair of recombinant H7N1 viruses bearing either a short- or long-stalk neuraminidase was genetically engineered. Inoculation of the long-stalk-neuraminidase virus resulted in a higher cloacal excretion in ducks and led conversely to lo...

experimental infection of muscovy ducks with v4 strain of newcastle disease virus was undertaken to determine the response of the ducks to the virus and the possibility of virus transmission to ducks and chickens in village like conditions. twelve ducks were randomly and equally divided into three groups of control, inoculated and in-contact. additionally, the chickens were placed into two grou...

Mucins are the principal components of mucus, and mucin glycosylation has important roles in defense, microbial adhesion, immunomodulation, inflammation, and cancer. Mucin expression and glycosylation are dynamic, responding to changes in local environment and disease. Potentially hundreds of heterogeneous glycans can substitute one mucin molecule, and it is difficult to identify biologically a...

Three isolates of Newcastle disease virus obtained from normal village chickens, which were never vaccinated against Newcastle disease were characterized. These isolates namely D8, D53 and D58 were found to have an ICPI value of 1.59, 0.50 and 0.14 respectively. The deduced amino acid sequence at the FPCS of these three isolates between positions 112 and 119 were G-R-R-Q-K-R-F-I-G-G-R-R-Q-K-R-F...

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a rare disease in Thailand. Only one previous case has been reported in which transmission was likely autochthonous. We conducted an investigation of a case of VL, which included serological and symptom surveys of people who lived near the case in Nan Province and Bangkok, serological surveys of domestic animals in his home village and sand fly surveys in his home...