In 1997, the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) of the World Health Organization adopted a resolution to eliminate measles by 2010. Of the 23 EMR member countries, 18 are polio-free and are building on this success to eliminate measles. The 5 countries where polio remains endemic are prioritizing polio eradication and working to improve measles control. Measles incidence has been reduced from 1...

Introduction: The Republic of Djibouti is an African country that exhibits one of the highest incidence rate of tuberculosis in the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among new cases. Methodology: We studied retrospectively every tuberculosis case diagnosed over a 12-month period in patients hospitalized at the French Military Hospita...

We used a multitemporal and multisensor satellite dataset to investigate the geological evolution of a tectonic basin of the East African Rift. The study area is the Lake Abhe-Goba'ad basin which is located at the border between Djibouti and Ethiopia. This area is the southern portion of a wide triangle-shaped depression, the Afar Depression. The Afar is one of the Earth's most geologically act...

In 1993, after 6 years of absence, cholera re-emerged in the Horn of Africa. Following its introduction to Djibouti, the disease spread to the central and southern areas of Ethiopia reaching Somalia in 1994. Cholera outbreaks persisted in Ethiopia with a recrudescence of cases in 1998. Twenty-two Vibrio cholerae O1 strains, selected to represent the 1998 history of cholera in Ethiopia, were cha...

During a sero-survey for lymphotropic retroviruses, seven screening tests were performed for the three lymphotropic retroviruses of relevance in Djibouti, East Africa (HIV-1, HIV-2 and HTLV-1). Of the 82 subjects whose sera reacted in at least one retroviral screening assay, about one third could be followed, and their sera were re-examined after a 5-month interval, and then after an additional...

Eritrea is situated on the east coast of Africa, bordering Sudan, Djibouti and Ethiopia. It is hot and dry in the desert strip along the Red Sea coast, cooler and wetter in the central highlands, and semi-arid in the western hills and lowlands, with the heaviest rainfall during June to September, except in the coastal desert. Since settlement of the conflict between Eritrea and Ethiopia in 2000...

In recent years, with the increase in population and development of technology world, need for energy has been increasing day by day. With rapid depletion fossil fuel reserves such as oil, coal natural gas population, renewable sources are gaining importance. Geothermal energy, one sources, is currently used various processes electricity generation, heating drying. Energy a clean, cheap environ...