In short-term serial recall, similar-sounding items are remembered less well than items that do not sound alike. This phonological similarity effect has been observed with lists composed only of similar items, and also with lists that mix together similar and dissimilar items. An additional consistent finding with mixed lists has been an effect we refer to as “dissimilar immunity”. Dissimilar i...

In the Hierarchical Temporal Memory (HTM) paradigm the effect of overlap between inputs on the activation of columns in the spatial pooler is studied. Numerical results suggest that similar inputs are represented by similar sets of columns and dissimilar inputs are represented by dissimilar sets of columns. It is shown that the spatial pooler produces these results under certain conditions for ...

In this article we propose a new measure of similarity for intuitionistic fuzzy sets. The proposed measure takes into account not only a pure distance between elements but measures the whole missing information which may be necessary to say if the considered elements are more similar or more dissimilar. It is shown that even if a distance between objects is small it can happen that the objects ...

This article presents a series of simulation experiments investigating the interaction of memory and analogy-making in the AMBR model. This interaction leads to blending between superficially dissimilar episodes as a result of the established analogical mapping between them and of superficially and structurally dissimilar episodes as a result of a double analogy with a third episode. The condit...

Attitudes held with strong moral conviction (moral mandates) were predicted to have different interpersonal consequences than strong but nonmoral attitudes. After controlling for indices of attitude strength, the authors explored the unique effect of moral conviction on the degree that people preferred greater social (Studies 1 and 2) and physical (Study 3) distance from attitudinally dissimila...

After groups of subjects judged the relative success of two students, an exchange of evaluations was arranged. Half of the subjects were led to believe that they would get an evaluation from a group member who had the same information about the students, half, that the group member had different information. Subjects were also led to believe either that the group member was similar or dissimila...

In this work, we develop methods for controlling multiple untethered magnetic micro-robots (Mag-μBots) without the need for a specialized substrate. We investigate Mag-μBots that are geometrically and magnetically designed to respond uniquely to the same input magnetic fields. Designs include: (1) geometrically similar Mag-μBots with different values of magnetization, (2) geometrically dissimil...

The temporal dynamics of a visual target word's phonological representation was examined by presentation of an irrelevant spoken companion word when the participant's eyes reached the target's location during sentence reading. The spoken word was identical, similar, or dissimilar to the phonological specification of the visual target. All spoken words increased the time spent viewing the target...