Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB), and HIV TB coinfection is associated with higher mortality. This study aimed to characterize patients coinfected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV in a reference centre for cases involving complications or drug resistance in TB. This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a Hospital for Tropica...

uberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem, esponsible for the ill health of millions of people each year, nd ranks as the second leading cause of death from an nfectious disease worldwide.1 A variety of clinical manifesations are associated directly or indirectly with TB. Among hem, hematological abnormalities can be found in both he pulmonary and extrapulmonary forms of the diseas...

BACKGROUND Allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients are prone to infections by various organisms. Tuberculosis (TB) represents a rare infectious complication, especially in countries non-endemic for TB. CASE REPORT Here, we report the case of a German patient with exposure to TB decades before he was diagnosed with disseminated TB as well as synchronous Epstein-Barr virus associated lymphop...

In pregnant women who have been exposed to tuberculosis (TB), primary isoniazid prophylaxis is only recommended in cases of immunosuppression, chronic medical conditions or obstetric risk factors, and close and sustained contact with a patient with infectious TB. Isoniazid prophylaxis for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is recommended in women who have close contact with an infectious TB p...

TB is the leading cause of HIV/AIDS-related deaths globally. New diagnostic tools are urgently needed to avert deaths from undiagnosed HIV-associated TB. Although simple assays that detect lipoarabinomannan (LAM) in urine have been commercially available for years, their specific role and utility were initially misunderstood, such that they have been slower to emerge from the diagnostics pipeli...

CONTEXT Worldwide emergence of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has raised global public health concern, given the limited therapy options and high mortality. OBJECTIVES To describe the epidemiology of XDR-TB in the United States and to identify unique characteristics of XDR-TB cases compared with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and drug-susceptible TB cases. DESIGN, SETTING...

Milliary Tuberculosis (TB) occurs through lymphohaematogenous dissemination of M. tuberculosis and paradoxical response (PR) is a recognized feature. Respiratory failure, choroid tubercles and brain tuberculomas are some of the complications. Brain tuberculomas mainly occur in the cerebrum, cerebellum, where as involvement of the brainstem is rare. A 31 years old female presented with history o...

BACKGROUND Kidney transplant recipients are at high risk of opportunistic infection. The aims of this study were to describe the epidemiology, clinical features and prognosis of Tuberculosis (TB) in kidney transplant recipients. METHODS Retrospective observational study conducted in 14 French transplant centres involving all cases of TB that occurred in kidney transplant recipients between 19...

Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) is an underappreciated problem and accounts for 10 % of all TB deaths worldwide. Children are highly susceptible to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and interrupting TB spread would require the development of effective strategies to control TB transmission in pediatric populations. The current vaccine for TB, M. bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), can affor...

Although tuberculosis (TB) is a curable disease, it continues to be one of the leading infections associated with death in the world. Extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB) occurs in approximately 10% of the total cases, presenting with lymph nodes, pleura, bone and genitourinary tract as the most common locations. Genitourinary tuberculosis, the second most common EPTB, is very difficult to diagnose unless...